Table 2 Operating outcomes of patients

Operative time (min)

180 (150–220)

200 (180–240)

< 0.001

Blood loss volume (mL)

150 (100–200)

100 (50–100)

< 0.001

Lymph nodes harvested (n)

18 (14–22)

20 (15–24)

0.005

Normal bladder function recovery time (d)^a

14 (13–15)

14 (13–15)

0.034

Postoperative complications (%)

0.085

 None

273 (85.0)

261 (89.7)

 Yes

48 (15.0)

30 (10.3)

 Urinary damage

5 (1.6)

4 (1.4)

1.000

 Intestinal obstruction

9 (2.8)

7 (2.4)

0.758

 Thrombus

3 (0.9)

2 (0.7)

1.000

 Symptomatic lymphatic cyst

10 (3.1)

5 (1.7)

0.264

 Delayed incision healing

7 (2.2)

3 (1.0)

0.423

 Perineal and lower limb edema

8 (2.5)

6 (2.1)

0.722

 Peritonitis

14 (4.4)

11 (3.8)

0.717