- Case report
- Open Access
Retroperitoneal liposarcoma associated with small plaque parapsoriasis
- Francesco Tartaglia1Email author,
- Sara Blasi1,
- Monica Sgueglia1,
- Paolo Polichetti1,
- Luciana Tromba and
- Alberto Berni
https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-5-76
© Tartaglia et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007
- Received: 28 April 2007
- Accepted: 09 July 2007
- Published: 09 July 2007
Abstract
Background
Extremely rare cases of paraneoplastic syndromes or ectopic production of proteins associated with liposarcoma are reported in literature. Production of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor, alpha-fetoprotein, paraneoplastic pemphigus and leucocytosis, Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex's syndrome) are reported.
The present report describes a case of retroperitoneal liposarcoma associated with small plaque parapsoriasis. Our search in the English literature of such a kind of association did not reveal any case reported.
Case presentation
A 74 year male patient was admitted to our hospital because of the presence of an abdominal mass in right iliac fossa. He also complained of a two-year history of psoriasiform eruptions. The CT scan showed a retroperitoneal pelvic mass. Therefore surgical resection of the tumor was performed. After surgery, the skin eruptions disappeared completely in seven days and so a diagnosis of parapsoriasis syndrome was done.
Conclusion
Parallel disappearing of skin eruptions after surgery, typical clinical picture and not specific histology of the cutaneous lesions suggest the diagnosis of small plaque parapsoriasis. Therefore we propose to add Small Plaque Parapsoriasis to the list of paraneoplastic syndromes associated to liposarcoma.
Keywords
- Liposarcoma
- Skin Eruption
- Paraneoplastic Syndrome
- Acanthosis Nigricans
- Migratory Erythema
Background
Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes are a large group of clinical manifestations that can occur in association with an internal malignancy. Characteristically, they follow a course parallel to the tumor and resolve with the successful treatment of primary tumor.
They may precede symptoms associated with the neoplasm and its recurrence will trigger a relapse [1]. The present report describes a case of retroperitoneal liposarcoma associated with small plaque parapsoriasis (SPP). Our search in the English literature of such a kind of association did not reveal any case reported.
Case presentation
A 74 year old male patient was admitted to our hospital because of subjective sensation of weight in right abdominal lower quadrant lasting 20 days. The patient also complained of a two-year history of skin eruptions.
Psoriasiform lesions distributed over trunk and lower limbs (detail). After surgery, skin eruptions disappeared completely in seven days.
Summary of peripheral blood samples
WBC | 4680/mm3 | Total protein | 6,2 g/dl |
---|---|---|---|
Neuthophil | 47,2% | Total bilirubin | 0,7 g/dl |
Eoshinophil | 0,86% | GOT | 19 IU/l |
Basophil | 1,28% | GPT | 29 IU/l |
Lymphocyte | 1,88% | LDH | 116 IU/l |
Monocyte | 0,49% | Creatinin | 1,00 mg/dl |
RBC | 4,32 milion/mm3 | Sodium | 140 mmol/l |
Hemoglobin | 12,5 g/dl | Potassium | 4,3 mmol/l |
Hematocrit | 35,5% | ||
Platelet | 123000/mm3 | ||
Tumor markers | CEA | CA 19-9 | CA 72-4 |
1,20 ng/dl | 8,00 U/ml | 1,80 U/ml |
Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated the presence of solid, expansive and roundish mass localized in right iliac fossa with seven centimeters in diameter and a probable origin from cecum. A complete colonoscopy did not reveal endoluminal lesions or compressive signs in any part of large intestine.
Contrast-enhanced CT scan. The exam showed the extraperitoneal pelvic tumor with a heterogeneous surface, necrotic and calcific areas. The cecum and the right colon are displaced forward and to the left side.
Histological examination of a biopsy specimen of a left thigh skin lesion showed hyperkeratosis, orthokeratosis, focal lymphocytic exocytosis and dermic perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltration.
Operative specimen. After surgery the tumor appeared as a whitish roundish mass of 11.5 centimeters in diameter.
Operative specimen. Tumor section reveals brownish-yellowish areas, haemorrhagic and calcific zones.
Definitive histological diagnosis was consistent with undifferentiated liposarcoma. It was composed predominantly of fusiform cell proliferation with oval-shaped nucleus, finely distributed chromatin and vacuolated cytoplasm. Cell proliferation occasionally showed giant multinucleate elements, an irregular vascular weave and areas of bony metaplasia.
After surgery, skin eruptions disappeared completely in seven days, so a diagnosis of paraneoplastic syndrome was done. Therefore the patient has been subjected to radiation therapy and he is still now undergoing treatment. He doesn't show signs of relapse four months after surgery.
Discussion
The cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes reflect the remote effects of cancer. In approximately 1% of cancer patients they are the only sign of unknown malignancy and the clinical manifestations of these dermatoses may precede, coincide with, or follow the diagnosis of cancer. Even if a pathogenic role can be played by tumor derived growth factors, the causes of the skin lesions are often unknown.
The paraneoplastic cutaneous syndromes include reactive erythemas (erythema gyratum repens and necrolytic migratory erythema), vascular dermatoses (Trousseau's syndrome), papulosquamous disorders (acanthosis nigricans, tripe palms, palmar hyperkeratosis, acquired ichthyosis, pityriasis rotunda, Bazex's syndrome, florid cutaneous papillomatosis, the sign of Leser-Trelat, and extramammary Paget's disease), and disorders of hair growth (acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa) [2].
Therefore extremely rare cases of paraneoplastic syndromes or ectopic production of proteins associated with liposarcoma are reported in literature. Nakamura et all reported for the first time a case of a mesenteric liposarcoma producing G-CSF presenting with iperpirexia and other signs of severe inflammation [3]. Bosco et al., described a unique case of relapsing undifferentiated liposarcoma with biochemical, immunoistochemichal and molecular evidence of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ectopic production [4]. Sporadic cases of liposarcoma associated with paraneoplastic pemphigus and leucocytosis are also reported [5, 6].
Recently liposarcoma has been added to the growing list of malignant neoplasm associated with Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex's syndrome) [7]. Our case is of interest because our search in the English literature did not reveal any case reported of retroperitoneal liposarcoma associated with small plaque parapsoriasis. The term parapsoriasis was proposed in the 1902 by Brocq to describe a group of chronic erithematous-squamous skin diseases, all of unknown aetiology [8].
- 1.
parapsoriasis en gouttes, today referred as pytirias lichenoides;
- 2.
parapsoriasis lichenoide, today referred as parakeratosis variegata;
- 3.
parapsoriasis en plaque, today classified in a small plaque parapsoriasis (SPP) and large plaque parapsoriasis (LPP).
Small plaque parapsoriasis affects adult men and is characterized by well bounded oval erithematous lesions, with a slightly desquamative surface, pink-yellowish colour and diameter inferior to 5 centimeters. The skin eruptions, sometimes associated with itchness, are localized over the sides of trunk and limbs, as in our patient. Unlike small plaque parapsoriasis, the psoriasiform lesions in Bazex's syndrome are distributed symmetrically over the acral locations, involving helices of ears, nose, fingers, toes, nails, palms, soles and they tend to spread, if the tumour remains untreated, on the elbows, knees and trunk. Since the typical acral locations were not present in our patient, the diagnosis of paraneoplastic acrokeratosis (Bazex's syndrome) has been excluded.
Histopatologic aspects are not specific and show dermic perivascular lymphocitic infiltration, parakeratosis and sometimes spongiosis [10].
Conclusion
Parallel disappearing of skin lesions after surgical resection of retroperitoneal liposarcoma supports our diagnosis of paraneoplastic syndrome. Moreover typical clinical picture and non specific histology support the diagnosis of small plaque parapsoriasis. Therefore we propose to add SPP to the list of paraneoplastic syndrome associated with liposarcoma.
Declarations
Acknowledgements
Written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of study and related clinical photographs on WJSO.
Authors’ Affiliations
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