Table 2 Patients’ characteristics and perioperative outcomes between two learning stages
From: Uniportal video-assisted anatomical segmentectomy: an analysis of the learning curve
Variables | Phase I (n=50) | Phase II (n=91) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 58.0±11.9 | 55.1±13.5 | 0.209 |
Sex, male | 15 (30.0) | 32 (35.2) | 0.534 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 23.4±2.7 | 23.9±3.0 | 0.345 |
FEV1/FVC, % | 77.2±8.6 | 76.0±6.9 | 0.372 |
ASA grade (I/II/III) | 34/10/6 | 65/23/3 | 0.118 |
History of smoking | 6 (12.0) | 8 (8.8) | 0.565 |
Surgical difficulty | 0.415 | ||
Easy | 25 (50.0) | 39 (42.9) | |
Complex | 25 (50.0) | 52 (57.1) | |
Three dimensional reconstruction | 21 (42.0) | 50 (54.9) | 0.411 |
Operative time, min | 119.8±31.9 | 106.2±23.8 | 0.005 |
Blood loss, ml | 20 (20–30) | 20 (10–20) | 0.003 |
Intraoperative accidents | |||
Major vascular injury | 2 (4.0) | 1 (1.1) | 0.287 |
Conversion to thoracotomy | 1 (2.0) | 1 (1.1) | 1.000 |
Added port in surgery | 1 (2.0) | 0 | 0.355 |
Postoperative complications | 12(24.0) | 8(8.8) | 0.013 |
Pulmonary infection | 4 (8.0) | 2 (2.2) | 0.186 |
Air leak | 2 (4.0) | 2 (2.2) | 0.615 |
Pleural effusion | 5 (10.0) | 2 (2.2) | 0.097 |
Atrial fibrillation | 0 | 1 (1.1) | 1.000 |
Pulmonary embolism | 0 | 1 (1.1) | 1.000 |
Wound infection | 1(2.0) | 0 | 0.355 |
Pain score on POD1 | 4.2±1.2 | 3.5±1.2 | 0.003 |
Duration of drainage, day | 3.0±1.3 | 2.8±1.3 | 0.366 |
Length of hospital stay, day | 4.4±2.7 | 3.9±1.3 | 0.157 |
30-day mortality | 0 | 0 | - |