Table 2 Univariate Cox proportional hazard regression model of OS and CSS

Age (years)

 ≤ 1

Reference

–

Reference

–

 > 1

1.683 (1.252–2.262)

0.001

1.704 (1.239–2.343)

0.001

Gender

 Male

Reference

–

–

–

 Female

0.866 (0.649–1.157)

0.330

1.010 (0.742–1.377)

0.947

Race

0.644

0.952

 White

Reference

–

Reference

–

 Black

1.184 (0.815–1.721)

0.375

0.977 (0.639–1.495)

0.915

 Other/unknown

1.111 (0.707–1.747)

0.647

1.071 (0.659–0.1.739)

0.783

Primary site

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Adrenal

Reference

–

Reference

–

 Soft tissue

0.307 (0.197–0.480)

 < 0.001

0.273 (0.166–0.449)

 < 0.001

 Retroperitoneum

0.519 (0.299–0.902)

0.020

0.506 (0.279–0.919)

0.025

 Others

0.529 (0.346–0.808)

0.003

0.532 (0.339–0.835)

0.006

Tumour grade

0.353

0.264

 Grades I–II

Reference

–

Reference

–

 Grades III–IV

2.890 (0.404–20.702)

0.291

2.572 (0.359–28.464)

0.347

 Unknown

2.471 (0.344–17.775)

0.369

2.055 (0.285–14.819)

0.475

Laterality

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Unilateral

Reference

–

Reference

 Bilateral

0.970 (0.429–2.195)

0.942

0.928 (0.380–2.269)

0.870

 Unknown

0.324 (0.224–0.468)

 < 0.001

0.319 (0.241–0.474)

 < 0.001

Tumour size (cm)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 5

Reference

–

Reference

–

 5–10

2.472 (1.463–4.178)

0.001

2.874 (1.600–5.162)

 < 0.001

 > 10

4.124 (2.374–7.164)

 < 0.001

5.063 (2.754–9.3060)

 < 0.001

 Unknown

2.579 (1.524–4.365)

 < 0.001

2.679 (1.478–4.855)

0.001

Histology

 < 0.001

0.001

 Neuroblastoma-NOS

Reference

–

Reference

–

 Ganglioneuroblastoma

0.427 (0.256–0.712)

0.001

0.398 (0.226–0.701)

0.001

Chemotherapy

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Yes

Reference

–

Reference

–

 No

0.204 (0.124–0.336)

 < 0.001

0.149 (0.081–0.274)

 < 0.001

Surgery

 Yes

Reference

–

Reference

–

 No

1.178 (0.844–1.644)

0.336

1.071 (0.742–1.547)

0.713

Radiotherapy

 Yes

Reference

–

Reference

–

 No

0.417 (0.313–0.557)

 < 0.001

0.374 (0.274–0.509)

 < 0.001

SMN

 Yes

Reference

–

Reference

–

 No

0.615 (0.289–1.308)

0.207

0.948 (0.351–2.557)

0.915

Metastasis

 Yes

Reference

–

Reference

–

 No

0.153 (0.102–0.229)

 < 0.001

0.144 (0.092–0.223)

 < 0.001