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Fig. 2 | World Journal of Surgical Oncology

Fig. 2

From: McKeown esophagectomy for a thoracic esophageal carcinoma patient who has a history of definitive chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma and total pharyngolaryngectomy for hypopharyngeal cancer

Fig. 2

Intraoperative thoracoscopic findings. Five ports were placed, as shown. The esophagus was adherent to the thoracic duct layer with fibrosis. The ventral side of the tumor and paraesophageal and subcarinal LNs were tightly adherent to the left and right main bronchi. Prophylactic upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy was minimized. Both bronchial arteries, pulmonary branches of the bilateral vagus nerves, and the azygos arch were all carefully preserved. LN, lymph node; RMB, right main bronchus; LMB, left main bronchus; BA, brachial artery

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World Journal of Surgical Oncology

ISSN: 1477-7819

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