Effect of goal-directed fluid therapy based on plasma colloid osmotic pressure on the postoperative pulmonary complications of older patients undergoing major abdominal surgery

Table 1 Characteristics for predicted and actual samples

Parameters	Expected sample (n = 180)	Actual sample (n = 100)	P value
Age (year)	64.3 ± 2.7	63.9 ± 3.3	0.38
Gender (male/female)	88/92	51/49	0.27
BMI (kg m⁻²)	23.9 ± 4.7	24.3 ± 4.5	0.17
Duration of surgery (min)	181.7 ± 60.5	178.2 ± 59.7	0.49
Duration of anesthesia (min)	210.4 ± 62.3	219.1 ± 71.1	0.39
Stomach/intestinal surgery	91/89	51/49	0.12
Smoker	67 (37)	35 (35)	0.25

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