Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients in development and validation cohorts
Variables | Group, no. of patient | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Development cohort (n = 578) | Validation cohort (n = 112) | ||
Age (years) | 0.213 | ||
Mean ± SD | 45.4 ± 6.2 | 42.2 ± 7.4 | |
Menopausal status | < 0.001* | ||
Premenopausal | 508 (87.9%) | 82 (73.2%) | |
Postmenopausal | 70 (12.1%) | 30 (26.8%) | |
Multicentric/focal | 0.297 | ||
No | 466 (80.6%) | 95 (84.8%) | |
Yes | 112 (19.4%) | 17 (15.2%) | |
Tumor location | 0.147 | ||
Central | 93 (16.1%) | 12 (10.7%) | |
Peripheral | 485 (83.9%) | 100(89.3%) | |
Nipple discharge | 0.134 | ||
Yes | 82 (14.2%) | 10 (8.9%) | |
No | 496 (85.8%) | 102 (91.1%) | |
Family history of cancer | 0.509 | ||
Yes | 84 (14.5%) | 19 (17.0%) | |
No | 494 (85.5%) | 93 (83.0%) | |
CTS | 0.317 | ||
≤ 4.0 cm | 496 (85.8%) | 92 (82.1%) | |
> 4.0 cm | 82 (14.2%) | 20 (17.9%) | |
TND | 0.288 | ||
≤ 1.0 cm | 67 (11.6%) | 17 (15.2%) | |
> 1.0 cm | 511 (88.4%) | 95 (84.8%) | |
cN | 0.688 | ||
Positive | 118 (20.4%) | 21 (18.8%) | |
Negative | 460 (79.6%) | 91 (81.2%) | |
MCIS | 0.766 | ||
Yes | 142 (24.6%) | 29 (25.9%) | |
No | 436 (75.4%) | 83 (74.1%) | |
Histological grade | 0.711 | ||
G1 | 115 (19.9%) | 26 (23.2%) | |
G2/G3 | 463 (80.1%) | 86 (76.8%) | |
Pathology type | 0.004* | ||
Invasive | 312 (54.0%) | 77 (68.8%) | |
Non-invasive | 266 (46.0%) | 35 (31.2%) | |
ER | 0.140 | ||
Positive | 415 (71.8%) | 88 (78.6%) | |
Negative | 163 (28.2%) | 24 (21.4%) | |
PR | 0.436 | ||
Positive | 418 (72.3%) | 85 (75.9%) | |
Negative | 160 (27.7%) | 27 (24.1%) | |
HER2 | 0.020* | ||
Positive | 154 (26.6%) | 42 (28.6%) | |
Negative | 424 (73.4%) | 70 (71.4%) | |
KI-67 | 0.889 | ||
≥ 20% | 321 (55.5%) | 63 (54.5%) | |
< 20% | 257 (44.5%) | 49 (45.5%) | |
NACi | 0.662 | ||
Positive | 64 (11.1%) | 14 (12.5%) | |
Negative | 514 (88.9%) | 98 (87.5%) | |