Table 3 Effects of ZSCAN4 expression and clinicopathological parameters on prognosis in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

Gender

Male

158

28

0.8286

–

–

–

32

0.7904

–

–

–

Female

182

33

–

–

–

38

–

–

–

Age (years)

 < 65

138

26

0.9943

–

–

–

30

0.8470

–

–

–

 ≥ 65

202

35

–

–

–

40

–

–

–

Tumor laterality

Right

177

34

0.7366

–

–

–

38

0.3074

–

–

–

Left

154

26

–

–

–

32

–

–

–

Bilateral

9

1

–

–

–

0

–

–

–

Tumor site

Renal pelvis

141

24

0.0079*

1

–

0.978

31

0.0659

–

–

–

Ureter

150

22

0.990

0.268–3.661

25

–

–

–

Renal pelvis and ureter

49

15

0.925

0.222–3.851

14

–

–

–

Multifocality

Single

273

48

0.0026*

1

–

0.010*

52

0.0127*

1

–

0.010*

Multifocal

62

18

2.981

1.305–6.807

18

2.610

1.201–3.732

Primary tumor (T)

Ta

89

2

 < 0.0001*

1

–

0.043*

4

 < 0.0001*

1

–

0.301

T1

92

9

2.938

0.620–13.913

15

2.249

0.727–6.960

T2–T4

159

50

5.736

1.273–26.099

51

2.467

0.767–7.914

Nodal status (N)

Negative (N0)

312

42

 < 0.0001*

1

–

 < 0.001*

55

 < 0.0001*

1

–

0.009*

Positive (N1–N2)

28

19

4.240

2.233–8.052

15

2.320

1.228–4.380

Histological grade

Low grade

56

4

0.0215*

1

–

0.007*

3

0.0027*

1

–

0.007*

High grade

284

57

4.743

1.539–14.619

67

5.232

1.557–17.582

Vascular invasion

Absent

234

24

 < 0.0001*

1

–

0.257

26

 < 0.0001*

1

–

0.004*

Present

106

37

1.419

0.774–2.600

44

2.468

1.327–4.591

Perineural invasion

Absent

321

50

 < 0.0001*

1

–

 < 0.001*

61

 < 0.0001*

1

–

0.003*

Present

19

11

4.183

1.977–8.851

9

3.184

1.485–6.825

Mitotic rate (per 10 high power fields)

 < 10

173

27

0.167

–

–

–

30

0.0823

–

–

–

 >  = 10

167

34

–

–

–

40

–

–

–

ZSCAN4 expression

High

170

13

 < 0.0001*

1

–

0.001*

19

 < 0.0001*

1

–

0.001*

Low

170

48

2.984

1.572–5.667

51

2.610

1.498–4.548