Low expression of ZSCAN4 predicts unfavorable outcome in urothelial carcinoma of upper urinary tract and urinary bladder

Table 2 Associations of ZSCAN4 expression with clinicopathological features in urothelial carcinoma

Parameter	Category	Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma				Urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma
		Case no	ZSCAN4 expression		p value	Case no	ZSCAN4 expression		p value
		Case no	High	Low	p value	Case no	High	Low	p value
Gender	Male	158	85	73	0.192	216	114	102	0.094
Gender	Female	182	85	97		79	33	46
Age (years)	< 65	138	64	74	0.269	121	60	61	0.944
Age (years)	≥ 65	202	106	96		174	87	87
Tumor site	Renal pelvis	141	66	75	0.011*	–	–	–	–
	Ureter	150	87	63		–	–	–	–
	Renal pelvis and ureter	49	17	32		–	–	–	–
Multifocality	Single	278	146	132	0.049*	–	–	–	–
Multifocality	Multifocal	62	24	38		–	–	–	–
Primary tumor (T)	Ta	89	55	34	0.011*	84	57	27	< 0.001*
	T1	92	48	44		88	47	41
	T2–T4	159	67	92		123	43	80
Nodal status (N)	Negative (N0)	312	164	148	0.002*	266	141	125	0.001*
Nodal status (N)	Positive (N1–N2)	28	6	22		29	6	23
Histological grade	Low grade	56	26	30	0.559	56	38	18	0.003*
Histological grade	High grade	284	144	140		239	109	130
Vascular invasion	Absent	234	127	107	0.019*	246	132	114	0.003*
Vascular invasion	Present	106	43	63		49	15	34
Perineural invasion	Absent	321	161	160	0.813	275	139	136	0.362
Perineural invasion	Present	19	9	10		20	8	12
Mitotic rate (per 10 high power fields)	< 10	173	92	81	0.233	139	72	67	0.523
Mitotic rate (per 10 high power fields)	> = 10	167	78	89		156	75	81

ISSN: 1477-7819