Table 3 Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of factors associated with overall survival in ypT1-2N0 patients whose clinical stage was T3–4 before preoperative chemotherapy

Age (years)

1.210 (0.851-1.343)

0.176

–

Gender

–

 Female

1 (ref.)

 Male

1.112 (0.505–2.449)

0.793

BMI

1.126 (0.970–1.163)

0.108

–

Tumor size (cm)

1.348 (0.986–2.169)

0.262

–

 cT3

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 cT4

2.740 (1.209–6.206)

0.016

3.908 (1.039–14.705)

0.044

Clinical nodal status

–

 cN−

1 (ref.)

 cN+

1.509 (0.685–3.324)

0.308

No. of NACT cycles

–

 2

1 (ref.)

 3

1.348 (0.558–3.255)

0.506

 4

1.082 (0.362–3.229)

0.888

Tumor location

–

 Upper third

1 (ref.)

 Middle third

2.143 (0.830–5.530)

0.115

 Lower third

1.252 (0.439–3.569)

0.675

Type of resection

–

 Subtotal

1 (ref.)

 Total

1.388 (0.630–3.058)

0.416

Lauren type

–

 Intestinal

1 (ref.)

 Diffuse/mixed

1.068 (0.485–2.352)

0.871

 Well/moderate

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 Poor

3.205 (1.278–8.036)

0.013

2.089 (0.580–7.527)

0.260

 No

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 Yes

2.693 (1.161–6.249)

0.021

0.969 (0.193–3.059)

0.709

Pathological T stage

–

 ypT1

1 (ref.)

 ypT2

1.279 (0.574–2.847)

0.547

No. of lymph nodes

0.957 (0.846–1.302)

0.425

–

Lymphovascular invasion

–

 No

1 (ref.)

 Yes

1.509 (0.685–3.326)

0.307

Pathological response

–

 CAP 0

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 CAP 1

1.393 (0.408–4.760)

0.597

0.678 (0.180–2.546)

0.565

 CAP 2

1.647 (0.442–6.136)

0.457

2.009 (0.488–8.270)

0.334

 CAP 3

3.605 (1.109–11.714)

0.033

2.112 (0.518–8.611)

0.297

 No

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 Yes

0.242 (0.101–0.584)

0.002

0.132 (0.051–0.345)

< 0.001