Fig. 4

Volcano plot and hierarchical clustering analysis of DEPs in the sEVs from patients with HCC. A Volcano plot of protein expression in sEVs from patients with HCC compared to the control group. B Heatmap of the hierarchical clustering analysis of DEPs. Each column represents a set of samples (abscissa for sample information), and each row represents a protein (namely, the ordinate for SDEPs). The color scale shown in the map illustrates the relative protein expression: red represents upregulated proteins, blue represents downregulated proteins, and the blanks represent samples for which no quantitative information was available