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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for PAL in the training cohort

From: Construction and validation of a nomogram for predicting prolonged air leak after minimally invasive pulmonary resection

Variables

PAL rate (%)

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

OR

95% CI

P

OR

95% CI

P

Age

15.6

1.029

1.016–1.043

< 0.001

1.020

1.004–1.037

0.013

Gender

   

< 0.001

  

0.819

 Female

12.7

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 Male

19.6

1.665

1.276–2.174

 

0.951

0.619–1.462

 

BMI

15.6

0.914

0.875–0.955

< 0.001

0.884

0.842–0.928

< 0.001

Smoking history

   

< 0.001

  

0.030

 Non-smoker

12.5

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 Smoker

24.3

2.239

1.697–2.955

 

1.628

1.048–2.531

 

Hypertension

   

0.299

   

 No

15.0

Ref.

     

 Yes

17.1

1.166

0.872–1.559

    

Diabetes mellitus

   

0.996

   

 No

15.6

Ref.

     

 Yes

15.6

0.996

0.676–1.467

    

COPD

   

0.022

  

0.080

 No

15.4

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 Yes

37.5

3.299

1.188–9.157

 

2.836

0.883–9.107

 

Neoadjuvant therapy

   

0.063

  

0.753

 No

15.4

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 Yes

28.6

2.201

0.959–5.052

 

0.862

0.343–2.165

 

History of thoracic surgery

   

0.404

   

 No

15.7

Ref.

     

 Yes

9.1

0.537

0.125–2.313

    

FEV1 % predicted

15.6

0.983

0.976–0.991

< 0.001

0.991

0.981–1.000

0.046

MVV% predicted

15.6

0.989

0.983–0.996

0.002

0.999

0.994–1.004

0.639

Blood type

   

0.195

  

0.166

 A

17.3

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 B

15.2

0.857

0.617–1.189

 

0.877

0.618–1.244

 

 AB

10.3

0.548

0.315–0.955

 

0.509

0.282–0.919

 

 O

16.2

0.923

0.652–1.306

 

0.912

0.627–1.326

 

Lymphocyte

15.6

0.804

0.631–1.023

0.076

0.902

0.697–1.168

0.433

Albumin

15.6

1.015

0.986–1.046

0.313

   

PNI

15.6

0.999

0.975–1.024

0.955

   

ASA score

   

0.007

  

0.264

 I

11.7

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 II

15.5

1.385

0.841–2.282

 

0.879

0.497–1.555

 

 III

31.8

3.512

1.587–7.775

 

1.590

0.622–4.063

 

Surgical technique

   

0.316

   

 RATS

16.9

Ref.

     

 VATS

15.0

0.867

0.657–1.145

    

Surgical procedure

   

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 Sublobar resection

8.7

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 Lobectomy

21.7

2.903

2.159–3.902

 

2.100

1.424–3.096

 

Surgical range

   

0.001

  

0.002

 Mono-lobe

14.4

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 Multi-lobe

22.9

1.764

1.258–2.473

 

1.820

1.251–2.648

 

Operation side

   

0.141

  

0.035

 Left-sided

17.2

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 Right-sided

14.5

0.818

0.625–1.069

 

0.730

0.545–0.977

 

Operation duration

15.6

1.012

1.009–1.016

< 0.001

1.009

1.005–1.012

< 0.001

Number of LN dissected

15.6

1.076

1.051–1.102

< 0.001

1.019

0.989–1.050

0.224

Tumor size

15.6

1.340

1.210–1.484

< 0.001

1.038

0.921–1.171

0.539

  1. PAL prolonged air leak, BMI body mass index, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in one second, MVV maximal voluntary ventilation, PNI prognostic nutritional index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, RATS robotic-assisted thoracic surgery, VATS video-assisted thoracic surgery, LN lymph node
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World Journal of Surgical Oncology

ISSN: 1477-7819

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