Fig. 6
From: Posterior intercostal flap: an anatomical study and best flap design
A photograph of the left side of the back. The skin of the back is dissected and reflected laterally. A large anterior branch of lateral zone perforator (LICAP) is seen coming of the 4th intercostal space. It divides into an upper branch (a) that runs a considerable distance into the skin of the upper lateral back and supplies it through 2 branches (1, 2). The lower branch (b) supplies the muscles of the back. The latissimus dorsi (Ld) is noted