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Table 4 Univariate analysis for the occurrence of cement leakage in the spinal canal

From: Cement leakage in percutaneous vertebroplasty for spinal metastases: a retrospective study of risk factors and clinical outcomes

Features

Other = 95

Spinal canal = 18

P

Previous chemo/radiotherapy

  

0.092

 No

49 (51.6%)

9 (50.0%)

 

 Yes

46 (48.4%)

9 (50.0%)

 

Tomita classification

  

0.739

 Slow

25 (26.3%)

4 (22.2%)

 

 Moderate

10 (10.5%)

3 (16.7%)

 

 Rapid

60 (63.2%)

11 (61.1%)

 

Post-OP chemo/radiotherapy

  

0.359

 No

22 (23.2%)

6 (33.3%)

 

 Yes

73 (76.8%)

12 (66.7%)

 

Other metastasis

  

0.736

 No

62 (65.3%)

11 (61.1%)

 

 Yes

33 (34.7%)

7 (38.9%)

 

Vertebra level

  

0.789

 Thoracic

39 (41.1%)

8 (44.4%)

 

 Lumbar

56 (58.9%)

10 (55.6%)

 

Collapse

  

0.962

 No

58 (61.7%)

11 (61.1%)

 

 Yes

36 (38.3%)

7 (38.9%)

 

Posterior wall destruction

  

0.001

 No

15 (15.8%)

9 (50.0%)

 

 Yes

80 (84.2%)

9 (50.0%)

 

Injected laterality

  

0.019

 Single

38 (40.0%)

2 (11.1%)

 

 Bilateral

57 (60.0%)

16 (88.9%)

 

Injected volume

4.50 (3.00–6.00)

6.00 (4.00–7.12)

0.020