Table 3 Results of univariate and multivariate analyses for the OS and CSS before and after propensity score matching

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

Age ≥75 vs <75 (years old)

2.67 (1.90−3.74)

<0.001

2.55 (1.79−3.64)

<0.001

2.50 (1.57−3.96)

<0.001

2.59 (1.59−4.19)

<0.001

Male vs female

1.30 (0.93−1.85)

0.126

1.06 (0.67−1.69)

0.804

BMI ≥25 vs <25 (kg/m²⁾

0.90 (0.58−1.36)

0.626

1.04 (0.57−1.79)

0.889

CCI ≥1 vs CCI 0

1.99 (1.42−2.81)

<0.001

1.58 (1.09−2.30)

0.015

1.58 (1.00−2.52)

0.049

1.32 (0.81−2.18)

0.27

GPS ≥1 vs GPS 0

2.18 (1.47−3.14)

<0.001

1.29 (0.85−1.92)

0.227

1.44 (0.80−2.44)

0.216

ASA-PS 3 vs ASA-PS 1, 2

4.09 (2.81−5.85)

<0.001

3.00 (1.99−4.49)

<0.001

3.15 (1.80−5.25)

<0.001

2.58 (1.41−4.53)

0.003

Open surgery vs laparoscopy

1.88 (1.34−2.62)

<0.001

1.30 (0.90−1.88)

0.164

1.83 (1.15−2.94)

0.01

1.58 (0.99−2.56)

0.057

Operative time ≥218 vs <218 (min)

1.02 (0.73−1.43)

0.901

0.73 (0.46−1.14)

0.166

Transfusion

1.64 (0.94−2.68)

0.08

0.61 (0.34−1.05)

0.075

1.23 (0.51−2.51)

0.609

SAS ≤6 vs >6

1.81 (1.29−2.53)

<0.001

1.51 (1.04−2.17)

0.03

1.71 (1.08−2.77)

0.022

1.76 (1.11−2.89)

0.016

Rectal cancer vs colon cancer

1.09 (0.75−1.55)

0.653

1.00 (0.59−1.62)

0.998

Undifferentiated type vs differentiated type

3.17 (1.80−5.19)

<0.001

2.86 (1.58−4.86)

<0.001

3.32 (1.59−6.20)

0.002

3.33 (1.55−6.50)

0.003

pStage III vs pStage I and II

1.78 (1.26−2.49)

0.001

1.90 (1.33−2.69)

<0.001

1.93 (1.21−3.03)

0.006

2.27 (1.40−3.66)

0.001

POC ≥CDC III vs ≤CDC II

1.72 (1.15−2.51)

0.01

1.51 (0.99−2.25)

0.057

1.63 (0.93−2.71)

0.086

1.19 (0.66−2.06)

0.551

Adjuvant chemotherapy

0.86 (0.60−1.21)

0.39

0.91 (0.56−1.44)

0.39

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

Age ≥75 vs <75 (years old)

1.58 (0.91−2.66)

0.101

1.67 (0.83−3.24)

0.148

Male vs Female

0.80 (0.48−1.32)

0.381

0.57 (0.29−1.07)

0.082

0.60 (0.30−1.16)

0.126

BMI ≥25 vs <25 (kg/m²⁾

1.50 (0.83−2.57)

0.173

1.71 (0.81−3.37)

0.15

CCI ≥1 vs CCI 0

1.00 (0.60−1.65)

0.998

0.85 (0.44−1.60)

0.608

GPS ≥1 vs GPS 0

1.78 (0.94−3.15)

0.074

1.16 (0.59−2.17)

0.649

0.99 (0.37−2.21)

0.98

ASA-PS 3 vs ASA-PS 1, 2

1.89 (0.90−3.56)

0.088

1.94 (0.90−3.77)

0.086

1.85 (0.70−4.14)

0.199

Open surgery vs laparoscopy

2.35 (1.42−3.90)

0.001

1.45 (0.82−2.57)

0.199

1.96 (1.03−3.89)

0.041

2.12 (1.10−4.26)

0.025

Operative time ≥218 vs <218 (min)

1.45 (0.87−2.45)

0.157

0.90 (0.48−1.73)

0.754

Transfusion

1.65 (0.68−3.39)

0.243

1.45 (0.43−3.64)

0.506

SAS ≤6 vs >6

2.64 (1.60−4.39)

<0.001

1.88 (1.07−3.30)

0.028

2.23 (1.15−4.58)

0.017

2.63 (1.34−5.48)

0.005

Rectal cancer vs colon cancer

1.89 (1.13−3.13)

0.016

1.44 (0.82−2.48)

0.199

1.38 (0.69−2.64)

0.349

Undifferentiated type vs differentiated type

4.85 (2.30−9.22)

<0.001

2.06 (0.94−4.12)

0.069

4.78 (1.90−10.4)

0.002

3.80 (1.50−8.41)

0.007

pStage III vs pStage I and II

5.84 (3.45−10.3)

<0.001

5.85 (2.88−12.1)

<0.001

6.00 (3.05−12.6)

<0.001

6.62 (2.70−17.1)

<0.001

POC ≥CDC III vs ≤CDC II

1.97 (1.08−3.41)

0.029

1.67 (0.90−2.96)

0.104

1.63 (0.72−3.31)

0.225

Adjuvant chemotherapy

3.10 (1.86−5.31)

<0.001

0.83 (0.42−1.71)

0.612

2.79 (1.45−5.63)

0.002

0.73 (0.31−1.80)

0.493