Table 1 The baseline characteristics of ICC patients in training and validation sets

Sex, male, n (%)

55 (54.5)

40 (51.9)

15 (62.5)

0.365

Age, mean ± SD, years

58.2 ± 10.8

58.5 ± 10.9

56.9 ± 10.7

0.458

Hypertension, n (%)

0.995

 Yes

21 (20.8)

16 (20.8)

5 (20.8)

 No

80 (79.2)

61 (79.2)

19 (79.2)

Diabetes, n (%)

0.932

 Yes

8 (7.9)

6 (7.8)

2 (8.3)

 No

93 (92.1)

71 (92.2)

22 (91.7)

Hepatitis B, n (%)

27 (26.7)

21 (27.3)

6 (25.0)

0.826

Liver cirrhosis, n (%)

0.074

 Present

13 (12.9)

7 (9.1)

6 (25.0)

 Absent

88 (87.1)

70 (90.9)

18 (75.0)

Hypersplenism, n (%)

0.421

 Yes

2 (2.0)

1 (1.3)

1 (4.2)

 No

99 (98.0)

76 (98.7)

23 (95.8)

ALT, mean ± SD, IU/L

36.0 ± 38.6

33.8 ± 37.3

43.3 ± 42.4

0.131

AST, mean ± SD, IU/L

38.7 ± 34.9

35.8 ± 34.4

48.6 ± 35.7

0.024

ALB, mean ± SD, g/L

41.6 ± 4.1

41.8 ± 3.7

41.2 ± 5.1

0.941

TBIL, mean ± SD, μmol/L

15.2 ± 16.5

13.6 ± 8.2

20.6 ± 30.7

0.095

PT, mean ± SD, s

11.7 ± 1.6

11.5 ± 1.0

12.3 ± 2.8

0.357

INR, mean ± SD

1.0 ± 0.1

1.0 ± 0.1

1.1 ± 0.2

0.362

AFP, mean ± SD, ng/mL

40.0 ± 189.7

29.1 ± 150.4

74.6 ± 283.6

0.624

CA 125, mean ± SD, U/mL

50.0 ± 82.8

47.3 ± 67.5

58.0 ± 120.9

0.106

CA 19-9, mean ± SD, U/mL

322.6 ± 393.5

321.2 ± 404.3

327.5 ± 365.4

0.515

CEA, mean ± SD, ng/mL

18.2 ± 71.1

13.0 ± 36.1

36.9 ± 137.6

0.333

Tumor size, n (%)

0.455

 ≤ 5 cm

27 (26.7)

22 (28.6)

5 (20.8)

 > 5 cm

74 (73.3)

55 (71.4)

19 (79.2)

Differentiation

0.084

 Well

1 (1.0)

0

1 (4.2)

 Moderate

36 (35.6)

31 (40.3)

5 (20.8)

 Poor

57 (56.4)

40 (51.9)

17 (70.8)

 Unclear

7 (6.9)

6 (7.8)

1 (4.2)

OS, mean ± SD, m

19.9 ± 17.6

21.3 ± 18.6

15.6 ± 13.3

0.300