Variable | Open (N = 149) | Laparoscopy (N = 300) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tumor size (cm) | 6 (2–30) | 5.2 (0.9–14.5) | < .001a | |
Node state | N0 | 53 (35.6) | 85 (28.3) | 0.118b |
N+ | 96 (64.4) | 215 (71.7) | ||
T stage | T4a | 85 (57.0) | 248 (82.7) | < .001b |
T4b | 64 (43.0) | 52 (17.3) | ||
Angiolymphatic invasion | Not identified | 85 (57.0) | 78 (26.0) | < .001b |
Present | 64 (43.0) | 222 (74.0) | ||
Venous invasion | Not identified | 97 (65.1) | 150 (50.0) | 0.003b |
Present | 52 (34.9) | 150 (50.0) | ||
Perineural invasion | Not identified | 56 (37.6) | 66 (22.0) | 0.001b |
Present | 93 (62.4) | 234 (78.0) | ||
Combined resection | No | 107 (71.8) | 282 (94.0) | < .001b |
Yes | 42 (28.2) | 18 (6.0) | ||
R0 resection rate | 140 (94) | 292 (97.3) | 0.078b | |
Harvested lymph nodes | N = 298 | 29 (5–117) | 29 (7–244) | 0.677a |
Proximal margin | N = 447 | 14 (0.5–174) | 10.7 (1.5–119.8) | 0.004a |
Distal margin | 8 (0–125.5) | 8.3 (0.4–101) | 0.532a | |
Radial margin | N = 100 | 0.4 (0–8.5) | 0.4 (0–4) | 0.895a |