Table 1 Demographic data, cancer characteristics, and type of surgical procedures of the cancer patients

Age, years

58.3 ± 8.8

Sex, male

11 (78.6)

Body weight, kg

71.4 ± 9.3

Body height, cm

166.7 ± 6.5

Body mass index, kg/m²

25.6 ± 2.3

ASA class

 II

6 (42.9)

 III

8 (57.1)

Tobacco smoking

8 (57.1)

Alcohol intake

7 (50.0)

Betelnut chewing

9 (64.3)

Primary tumor site

 Lip

1 (7.1)

 Tongue

2 (14.3)

 Buccal mucosa

4 (28.6)

 Gingiva

3 (21.4)

 Palate

2 (14.3)

 Hypopharynx

1 (7.1)

 Larynx

1 (7.1)

TNM classification

 T1

3 (21.4)

 T2

4 (28.6)

 T3

1 (7.1)

 T4

6 (42.9)

 N0

9 (64.3)

 N1

1 (7.1)

 N2

0 (0)

 N3

4 (28.6)

 M0

14 (100.0)

Cancer stage

 I

3 (21.4)

 II

2 (14.3)

 III

2 (14.3)

 IV

7 (50.0)

Differentiation grade

 Good

1 (7.1)

 Moderate

10 (71.4)

 Poor

3 (21.4)

Angiolymphatic invasion

7 (50.0)

Perineural invasion

9 (64.3)

Preoperative chemotherapy

1 (7.1)

Type of surgical procedures

 Neck dissection

12 (85.7)

 Flap reconstruction

12 (85.7)