Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patient cohort

 Male

60 (87.0)

0 (0)

Reference

45.0

33.3

16.7

0.520

 Female

9 (13.0)

0.79 (0.39, 1.61)

66.7

44.4

22.2

Age group (years)

 ≤ 60 years

50 (72.5)

0 (0)

Reference

52.0

38.0

22.0

0.036

 > 60 years

19 (27.5)

1.78 (1.03, 3.08)

36.8

26.3

5.3

 Good

17 (24.7)

0 (0)

Reference

82.4

70.6

41.2

0.003

 Moderate

25 (36.2)

2.29 (1.15, 4.54)

48.0

28.0

12.0

 Poor

27 (39.1)

3.16 (1.63, 6.15)

25.9

18.5

7.4

 No

21 (30.4)

7 (10.2)

Reference

66.7

47.6

23.8

0.024

 Yes

41 (59.4)

1.95 (1.08, 3.51)

39.0

29.3

17.1

Ascites

 No

33 (47.8)

10 (14.5)

Reference

66.7

51.5

27.3

0.001

 Yes

26 (37.7)

2.44 (1.39, 4.28)

26.9

15.4

7.7

 < 2.0

55 (79.7)

1 (1.5)

Reference

56.4

43.6

21.8

< 0.001

 2.0–3.0

5 (7.2)

2.75 (1.06, 7.15)

20.0

0

0

 > 3.0

8 (11.6)

11.25 (4.39, 28.86)

0

0

0

 > 3.5

25 (36.2)

1 (1.5)

Reference

68.0

56.0

24.0

0.056

 2.8–3.5

26 (37.7)

1.38 (0.78, 2.45)

30.8

23.1

19.2

 < 2.8

17 (24.6)

2.17 (1.14, 4.14)

41.2

23.5

5.9

 Single tumor

14 (20.3)

2 (2.9)

Reference

71.4

50.0

35.7

0.018

 Multiple tumors

53 (76.8)

2.20 (1.13, 4.29)

43.4

32.1

13.2

Portal vein involvement

 No

28 (40.6)

11 (15.9)

Reference

71.4

50.0

25.0

0.196

 Yes

30 (43.5)

1.43 (0.83, 2.45)

33.3

26.7

16.7

 No

35 (50.7)

2 (2.9)

Reference

65.7

51.4

25.7

0.017

 Yes

32 (46.4)

1.35 (1.05, 1.73)

31.3

18.8

9.4

 1

30 (43.5)

3 (4.4)

Reference

53.3

40.0

20.0

0.751

 2

19 (27.5)

0.95 (0.52, 1.73)

57.9

36.8

15.8

 ≥ 3

17 (24.6)

1.21 (0.66, 2.22)

35.3

29.4

17.7

 0

32 (46.4)

7 (10.2)

Reference

59.4

43.8

25.0

0.256

 1–2

21 (30.4)

1.52 (0.86, 2.69)

42.9

33.3

14.3

 ≥ 3

9 (13.0)

1.64 (0.74, 3.63)

33.3

22.2

11.1