Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics

Age (years)

70 (39–95)

Male/female ratio

41/29

Body mass index (kg/m²) (range)

22.6 (14.1–30.5%)

 Appendix vermiformis/cecum

15 (21.4%)

 Ascending colon

9 (12.9%)

 Transverse colon

8 (11.4%)

 Descending colon

3 (4.3%)

 Sigmoid colon/rectosigmoid colon

25 (35.7%)

 Rectum

10 (14.3%)

 Mucosa

4 (5.7%)

 Submucosa

14 (20.0%)

 Muscularis propria

9 (12.9%)

 Subserosa

28 (40.0%)

 Exposure on submucosa or invade other organs or structures

15 (21.4%)

 Well differentiated

32 (45.7%)

 Moderately differentiated

35 (50.0%)

 Poorly differentiated

3 (4.3%)

Obstruction^b

17 (24.3%)

Preoperative intervention

7 (10.0%)

 Endoscopic resection

4 (5.7%)

 Ileus tube

3 (4.3%)

WBC (/mm³)

5700 (2600–14,700)

NLR

2.40 (0.01–9.65)

CRP (mg/mL)

0.16 (0.01–6.20)

CEA (ng/mL)

3.6 (0.7–98)

CA19-9 (U/L)

6.0 (0.07–4412)

Days from CT to surgery

20 (2–71)

Lymph node enlargement on CT

46 (65.7%)

Pathologically confirmed metastasis

28 (40.0%)