Table 1 The study design and risk of bias of studies included in the meta-analysis
The first author | Study design | Risk of bias | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding patient/personnel | Incomplete outcome data | Blinding outcome | Selective outcome reporting | Other source of bias | ||
Barbour et al. [17] | Cohort | High | High | High | Unclear | High | Low | Low |
Wang et al. [19] | Cohort | High | High | High | Unclear | High | Low | Low |
Maas et al. [20] | RCT | Low | High | High | Low | High | Low | Low |
Wang et al. [15] | Cohort | High | High | High | Unclear | High | Low | Low |
Parameswaran et al. [16] | Case series | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | High | Low | Low |
Nafteux et al. [18] | Cohort | High | High | High | Unclear | High | Low | High |