Fig. 1

Indications for PIPAC (a1), for CRS and HIPEC (b) for CRS and HIPEC after “neoadjuvant” PIPAC (a2). In our institution, primary indications for PIPAC and HIPEC are relatively similar with a majority of ovarian cancers. However, indication for PIPAC was 12× more frequent than indication for CRS and HIPEC. Secondary CRS and HIPEC were performed in 5.1 % of PIPAC patients with a majority of colorectal cancer patients. PIPAC might allow secondary CRS and HIPEC in selected patients with colorectal cancer who were not eligible primarily for such procedure