Table 1 Study characteristics of published cohort and case-control studies on fish intake and bladder cancer
From: The association of fish consumption with bladder cancer risk: A meta-analysis
Authors and publication year | Study design | Country | Study period | Cases/subjects | Fish consumption | RR (95% CI) | Variables of adjustment | Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steineck et al. 1988 | Cohort | Sweden | 1968-1982 | 80/16477 | Ever vs ever | 1.3 (0.8-2.2) | Age, sex and smoking | Questionnaire |
Steineck et al. 1990 | PCC | Sweden | 1985-1987 | 326/719 | Weekly vs more seldom | 1.1 (0.7-1.8) | Age, sex and smoking | Questionnaire |
Riboli et al. 1991 | HCC | Spain | 1985-1986 | 432/1221 | The highest vs the first quartile | 1.26 (0.86-1.84) | Age, smoking and total calories | Interview |
Chyou et al. 1993 | Cohort | USA | 1965-1991 | 96/7090 | ≥ 5 times/wk vs ≤ once/wk | 0.67 (0.26-1.67) | Age, smoking | Both techniques |
Fernandez et al. 1999 | HCC | Italy | 1983-1996 | 431/7990 | ≥ 2 servings/wk vs < 1 serving/wk | 1.4 (1.0-1.8) | Age, sex, area of residence, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index | Interview |
Nagano et al. 2000 | Cohort | Japan | 1979-1993 | 114/38540 | ≥ 5 times/wk vs ≤ once/wk | 1.31 (0.75-2.25) | Age, gender, radiation dose, smoking status, education level, body mass index and calendar time | Questionnaire |
Wakai et al. 2000 | HCC | Japan | 1996-1999 | 297/592 | The highest vs the first quartile | 0.86 (0.54-1.38) | Age, sex, smoking and occupational history as a cook. | Interview |
Balbi et al 2001 | HCC | Uruguay | 1998-1999 | 144/720 | The highest vs the first tertile | 0.82 (0.49-1.36) | Age, sex, residence, urban/rural status, education, body mass index, tobacco smoking, 'mate' drinking, and total calories. | Interview |
Sakauchi et al. 2005 | Cohort | Japan | 1988-1997 | 115/65184 | Almost every day vs 1-2 times/month | 0.36 (0.18-0.72) | Age, sex and smoking | Questionnaire |
Baena et al. 2006 | HCC | Spain | Not mentioned | 74/163 | ≥ 3 times/wk vs never | 0.13 (0.05-0.33) | Age, smoking, water intake | Interview |
Holick et al. 2006 | Cohort | US | 1986-2002 | 736/173229 | ≥ 1 serving/day vs 1-3 serving/month | Men 0.71 (0.48-1.04) Women 1.33 (0.74-2.40) | Age, sex, total caloric intake, pack-years of cigarette smoking, and current smoking | Questionnaire |
Garcı'a-Closas et al. 2007 | HCC | Spain | 1998-2001 | 873/1785 | The highest vs the first quintile | 0.9 (0.6-1.2) | Age, gender, region, smoking status, duration of smoking and quintiles of fruit and vegetable intake | Interview |
Hu et al. 2008 | PCC | Canada | 1994-1997 | 1029/6068 | The highest vs the first tertile | 0.8 (0.6-1.1) | Age, province, education, body mass index, sex, alcohol, smoking, total of vegetable and fruit intake, and total energy intake | Questionnaire |
Brinkman et al. 2011 | PCC | Belgium | 1999-2004 | 200/486 | The highest vs the first tertile | 0.77 (0.47-1.27) | Sex, age, smoking status, number of cigarettes smoked per day, number of years smoking, occupational exposure to PAHs or aromatic amines and energy intake. | Questionnaire |