Table 2 Univariate analysis of factors influencing the overall survival of the 214 PAC patients

Age (years)

0.068

≤65 (130)

16.08

13.23 to 18.93

26.6

15.3

>65 (26)

10.28

9.05 to 11.53

16.8

12.0

Sex

0.020

Male (125)

11.18

8.51 to 13.85

18.3

8.6

Female (89)

16.57

14.05 to 19.09

29.9

23.1

Symptoms

0.007

Positive (209)

13.05

10.30 to 15.50

21.2

12.4

Negative (5)

NA

80.0

80.0

Bilirubin (mg/dl)

0.009

≤1.3 (73)

17.39

12.19 to 22.59

26.7

26.9

>1.3 (130)

12.69

10.14 to 15.24

20.9

8.2

Albumin (g/dl )

0.024

≤3.5 (54)

9.04

5.50 to 12.58

15.2

10.2

>3.5 (117)

15.75

12.45 to 19.05

25.4

16.7

Amylase (U/L)

0.216

≤300 (82)

13.05

8.77 to 17.33

19.3

13.4

>300 (12)

19.27

0.00 to 63.26

50.0

10.0

Lipase (U/L)

0.255

≤300 (47)

12.26

8.48 to 16.05

13.4

8.9

>300 (30)

16.04

6.03 to 26.05

26.7

16.0

CEA (ng/ml)

0.159

≤5 (109)

15.85

12.19 to 19.52

23.8

17.5

>5 (52)

10.42

7.04 to 13.80

24.7

6.1

CA 19–9 (U/ml)

0.044

≤37 (44)

19.43

8.50 to 30.37

32.6

22.3

>37 (125)

13.05

10.08 to 16.02

19.7

9.6

Surgical procedure

0.115

Whipple (119)

12.79

9.90 to 15.69

21.2

10.8

PPPD (39)

13.05

7.25 to 18.85

23.7

13.5

Others (56)

17.19

11.81 to 22.57

25.1

25.1

Resection margin (cm)

0.001

Nontumoral

15.42

13.12 to 17.72

58.8

27.3

Tumoral

9.67

8.15 to 11.19

42.1

10.5

Tumor location

0.096

Head (152)

12.79

10.34 to 15.24

21.3

11.12

Uncinate process (20)

19.13

3.79 to 34.47

32.8

32.8

Body (32)

19.27

9.75 to 28.80

22.7

22.7

Tail (10)

8.19

2.18 to 14.20

20.0

NA

Portal vein resection

0.249

Performed (12)

9.27

0.00 to 19.54

16.7

0.0

Not performed (202)

13.45

10.62 to 16.29

23.0

15.1

Tumor size (cm)

< 3 (90)

11.89

11.89 to 17.83

24.6

12.7

0.874

>3 (116)

8.02

8.02 to 16.30

21.9

14.5

Nodal status

Negative (108)

18.87

14.04 to 23.70

34.0

23.1

<0.0001

Positive (105)

9.4

7.98 to 10.82

11.1

4.7

TNM staging

I (32)

62.99

18.01 to 107.97

56.7

51.0

<0.0001

II (76)

15.78

12.77 to 18.79

24.9

12.3

III (106)

9.4

7.98 to 10.82

11.1

4.7

Tumor differentiation

Well (76)

26.4

21.09 to 31.77

39.5

28.3

<0.0001

Moderate (98)

10.32

8.39 to 12.25

14.0

7.9

Poor (35)

9.47

5.67 to 13.27

12.1

3.0

Undifferentiated (5)

5.46

4.60 to 6.32

40.0

0.0

Post-op radiotherapy

0.849

Performed (17)

17.56

10.45 to 24.67

17.6

11.8

Not Performed (197)

12.79

9.79 to 15.80

23.1

14.3

Post-op chemotherapy

Performed (119)

14.93

11.70 to 18.16

22.7

10.4

Not Performed (95)

10.32

7.44 to 13.20

22.5

19.5