Table 1 Preoperative clinical characteristics of 100 bladder cancer patients

Age, [years, mean ± SD (range)]

66.89 ± 12.16 (31–91)

67.04 ± 12.19 (31–91)

66.71 ± 12.26 (40–90)

Gender, [n (%)]

 Male

86 (86.00)

46 (83.64)

40 (88.89)

 Female

14 (14.00)

9 (16.36)

5 (11.11)

Year of surgery interval, [n (%)]

 2017–2018

37 (37.00)

20 (36.36)

17 (37.78)

 2019–2020

63 (63.00)

35 (63.64)

28 (62.22)

BMI, [kg/m2, mean ± SD (range)]

23.12 ± 3.40 (15.06–31.18)

23.04 ± 3.27 (15.06–29.07)

23.20 ± 3.59 (15.39–31.18)

Smoking status, [n (%)]

 Yes

40 (40.00)

20 (36.36)

20 (44.44)

 No

60 (60.00)

35 (63.64)

25 (55.56)

Diabetes mellitus, [n (%)]

 Yes

42 (42.00)

22 (40.00)

20 (44.44)

 No

58 (58.00)

33 (60.00)

25 (55.56)

Hypertension, [n (%)]

 Yes

41 (41.00)

25 (45.45)

16 (35.56)

 No

59 (59.00)

30 (54.55)

29 (64.44)

Hematuria, [n (%)]

 Yes

77 (77.00)

42 (76.36)

35 (77.78)

 No

23 (23.00)

13 (23.64)

10 (22.22)

Previous abdominal surgery, [n (%)]

 Yes

27 (27.00)

14 (25.45)

13 (28.89)

 No

73 (73.00)

41 (74.55)

32 (71.11)

Previous TURBT, [n (%)]

 Yes

39 (39.00)

22 (40.00)

17 (37.78)

 No

61 (61.00)

33 (60.00)

28 (62.22)

Previous chemotherapy, [n (%)]

 Yes

26 (26.00)

13 (23.64)

13 (28.89)

 No

74 (74.00)

42 (76.36)

32 (71.11)

Preoperative hydronephrosis, [n (%)]

 Yes

19 (19.00)

10 (18.18)

9 (20.00)

 No

81 (81.00)

45 (81.82)

36 (80.00)

Preoperative creatinine, [umol/L, median (range)]

86.50 (35.00–161.00)

87 (35.00–161.00)

85 (37.00–158.00)

ASA score, [n (%)]

 I

15 (15.00)

11 (20.00)

4 (8.89)

 II

62 (62.00)

33 (60.00)

29 (64.44)

 III

23 (23.00)

11 (20.00)

12 (26.67)

Clinical tumor stage, [n (%)]

  ≤ T1

9 (9.00)

5 (9.09)

4 (8.89)

 T2

51 (51.00)

29 (52.73)

22 (48.89)

 T3

35 (35.00)

18 (32.73)

17 (37.78)

 T4

5 (5.00)

3 (5.45)

2 (4.44)