Table 2 Patients having adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) by background variables, comorbidity, perioperative variables, postoperative complications and pathology
| Â | Categorya | Number (%) having AC | Chi2 P | Bivariate OR (95% CI) | Multivariable OR (95% CI) | Wald P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Background variables | ||||||
 Year of resection | 1995–1999 | 35/79 (44.3) | 0.001 | 1.42 | 1.74 (1.27– | 0.001 |
2000–2004 | 48/83 (57.8) |  | (1.19–1.69) | 2.38) | ||
2005–2009 | 57/83 (68.7) |  |  |  | ||
2010–2014 | 32/45 (71.1) |  |  |  | ||
2015–2019 | 36/48 (75.0) |  |  |  | ||
 Sex | Female | 73/125 (58.4) | 0.364 | REF | – | – |
Male | 135/213 (63.4) |  | 1.23 (0.78–1.94) |  |  | |
 Age | < 75 years | 199/267 (74.5) | <0.001 | REF |  | <0.001 |
≥ 75 years | 9/71 (12.7) |  | 0.05 (0.02–0.11) | 0.04 (0.02–0.12) | ||
Comorbidity | ||||||
 Cardiac disease | No | 179/249 (71.9) | <0.001 | REF |  | 0.280 |
Yes | 26/68 (38.2) |  | 0.24 (0.14–0.42) | 0.62 (0.26–1.47) | ||
 Respiratory disease | No | 172/277 (62.1) | 0.655 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 36/61 (59.0) |  | 0.88 (0.50–1.55) |  |  | |
 Renal disease | No | 197/312 (63.1) | 0.036 | REF |  | 0.346 |
Yes | 11/26 (42.3) |  | 0.43 (0.19–0.96) | 0.54 (0.15–1.96) | ||
 Diabetes (type I or type II) | No | 182/293 (62.1) | 0.578 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 26/45 (57.8) |  | 0.83 (0.44–1.58) |  |  | |
 Cerebrovascular accident | No | 203/320 (63.4) | 0.002 | REF |  | 0.201 |
Yes | 5/18 (27.8) |  | 0.22 (0.08–0.64) | 0.39 (0.09–1.65) | ||
 Peripheral vascular disease | No | 207/322 (64.3) | <0.001 | REF |  | 0.026 |
Yes | 1/16 (6.3) |  | 0.04 (0.005–0.28) | 0.08 (0.01–0.74) | ||
 Hypertension | No | 137/202 (67.8) | 0.004 | REF |  | 0.396 |
Yes | 71/136 (52.2) |  | 0.52 (0.33–0.81) | 1.36 (0.67–2.74) | ||
Perioperative variables | ||||||
 Preoperative radiotherapy | No | 148/258 (57.4) | 0.005 | REF |  | 0.851 |
Yes | 60/80 (75.0) |  | 2.23 (1.27–3.92) | 0.92 (0.41–2.10) | ||
 ASA | I | 60/82 (73.2) | <0.001 | 0.45 | 0.82 (0.48– | 0.487 |
II | 125/192 (65.1) |  | (0.32– | 1.42) | ||
III–IV | 23/64 (35.9) |  | 0.65) |  | ||
 Tumour site | 1–5 cm | 47/78 (60.3) | 0.329 | 0.84 | – | – |
6–10 cm | 96/164 (58.5) |  | (0.62– |  |  | |
11–15 cm | 65/96 (67.7) |  | 1.15) |  |  | |
 Surgical access | Open | 149/258 (57.8) | 0.010 | REF |  | 0.294 |
Laparoscopic | 59/80 (73.8) |  | 2.06 (1.18–3.58) | 1.75 (0.62–4.96) | ||
 Perioperative transfusion | No | 182/274 (66.4) | <0.001 | REF |  | 0.480 |
Yes | 26/64 (40.6) |  | 0.35 (0.20–0.60) | 0.74 (0.32–1.70) | ||
 Operation type | Sphincter preserving | 164/265 (61.9) | 0.802 | REF | – | – |
Non-sphincter preserving | 44/73 (60.3) |  | 0.93 (0.55–1.59) |  |  | |
 Other organ taken en bloc | No | 188/302 (62.3) | 0.435 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 20/36 (55.6) |  | 0.76 (0.38–1.52) |  |  | |
 Blood loss | < 500 cc | 193/309 (62.5) | 0.256 | REF | – | – |
|  | ≥ 500 cc | 15/29 (51.7) |  | 0.65 (0.30–1.38) |  |  |
 Duration of operation | < 4 h | 81/144 (56.3) | 0.085 | REF | – |  |
≥ 4 h | 127/194 (65.5) |  | 1.47 (0.95–2.30) |  |  | |
Postoperative complications | ||||||
 Wound complication | No | 197/314 (62.7) | 0.101 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 11/24 (45.8) |  | 0.50 (0.22–1.16) |  |  | |
 Intra-abdominal or pelvic abscess/haematoma | No | 198/311 (63.7) | 0.006 | REF |  | 0.022 |
Yes | 10/27 (37.0) |  | 0.34 (0.15–0.76) | 0.23 (0.07–0.81) | ||
 Urinary complication | No | 192/298 (64.4) | 0.003 | REF |  | 0.282 |
Yes | 16/40 (40.0) |  | 0.37 (0.19–0.72) | 0.59 (0.22–1.55) | ||
 Anastomotic leak | No | 153/235 (65.1) | 0.099 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 5/12 (41.7) |  | 0.38 (0.12–1.24) |  |  | |
 Prolonged postoperative ileus | No | 183/290 (63.1) | 0.146 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 25/48 (52.1) |  | 0.64 (0.34–1.17) |  |  | |
 Respiratory complication requiring consultation | No | 189/297 (63.6) | 0.033 | REF |  | 0.713 |
Yes | 19/41 (46.3) |  | 0.49 (0.26–0.95) | 1.22 (0.42–3.54) | ||
 Cardiac complication | No | 192/293 (65.5) | <0.001 | REF |  | 0.808 |
Yes | 16/45 (35.6) |  | 0.29 (0.15–0.56) | 1.14 (0.39–3.39) | ||
 Early reoperation | No | 200/314 (63.7) | 0.003 | REF |  | 0.533 |
Yes | 8/24 (33.3) |  | 0.29 (0.12–0.69) | 0.65 (0.17–2.53) | ||
Pathology | ||||||
 Tumour greatest luminal dimension | < 4.5 cm | 126/190 (66.3) | 0.032 | REF |  | 0.557 |
>/= 4.5 cm | 80/146 (54.8) |  | 0.62 (0.40–0.96) | 0.83 (0.44–1.55) | ||
 Pathological type | Adenocarcinoma | 193/313 (61.7) | 0.869 | REF | – | – |
Mucinous/signet ring | 15/25 (60.0) |  | 0.93 (0.41–2.14) |  |  | |
 T4 tumour | No | 188/299 (62.9) | 0.162 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 20/39 (51.3) |  | 0.62 (0.32–1.21) |  |  | |
 Tumour involving apical node | No | 196/321 (61.1) | 0.431 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 12/17 (70.6) |  | 1.24 (0.73–2.11) |  |  | |
 Percent of nodes involved | < 20% | 118/199 (59.3) | 0.311 | REF | – | – |
≥ 20% | 90/139 (64.8) |  | 1.26 (0.81–1.97) |  |  | |
 Differentiation | Well/moderate | 163/263 (62.0) | 0.756 | REF | – | – |
Poor | 45/75 (60.0) |  | 0.92 (0.54–1.56) |  |  | |
 Lymphovascular invasion | No | 117/190 (61.6) | 0.986 | REF | – | – |
Yes | 91/148 (61.5) |  | 0.99 (0.64–1.55) |  |  | |
 Perineural invasion | No | 145/246 (58.9) | 0.109 | REF |  |  |
Yes | 63/92 (68.5) |  | 1.51 (0.91–2.51) |  |  | |
 Tumour perforation | No | 199/328 (60.7) | 0.060 | REF |  |  |
Yes | 9/10 (90.0) |  | 5.83 (0.73–46.60) |  |  | |
 Anterior tumour position | No | 114/175 (65.1) | 0.158 | REF |  |  |
Yes | 94/163 (57.7) |  | 0.73 (0.47–1.13) |  |  | |