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Fig. 3 | World Journal of Surgical Oncology

Fig. 3

From: Nipple-areolar complex (NAC) or skin flap ischemia necrosis post nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM)—analysis of clinicopathologic factors and breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features

Fig. 3

Vascular patterns on breast MRI with dual blood supply (ab) and single blood supply (cd). a and b A 36-year-old female with invasive ductal carcinoma and extensive ductal carcinoma in situ in the left breast underwent nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). Axial maximum intensity projection image (a) demonstrates dual blood supply with codominance of the medial and lateral vessels. b Early-subtracted dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequence shows regional distribution, non-mass enhancement of the left breast, with heterogenous contrast enhancement and irregular shape. c and d A 61-year-old female with invasive carcinoma in the right breast underwent NSM. Axial maximum intensity projection image (c) demonstrates single blood supply. d Early-subtracted dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequence shows a round mass in the lower-outer quadrant of the right breast. Measurement of the lesion: 22 mm. Histological examination of the lesion confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma (diameter 23 mm)

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