Table 2 Preoperative and pathological risk factors for survival and recurrence of PNEN
From: Reconsideration of operative indications in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Preoperative risk factors | |||
Risk of recurrence | |||
Age (years) | 1.0 | 0.98–1.06 | 0.315 |
Male/female | 1.5 | 0.45–4.95 | 0.510 |
Tumor size ≥ 2.0 cm | 22.7 | 2.72–188.90 | 0.004 |
Multiple lesions | 5.1 | 0.83–30.85 | 0.078 |
Hereditary syndrome | 0.7 | 0.15–3.38 | 0.665 |
Preoperative symptoms | 1.2 | 0.33–4.24 | 0.788 |
Risk of death | |||
Age (years) | 1.0 | 0.99–1.10 | 0.096 |
Male/female | 0.8 | 0.21–2.82 | 0.687 |
Tumor size ≥ 2.0 cm | 20.0 | 2.18–183.38 | 0.008 |
Multiple lesions | 5.6 | 0.84–37.28 | 0.076 |
Hereditary syndrome | 0.9 | 0.13–6.05 | 0.898 |
Preoperative symptoms | 0.7 | 0.13–3.45 | 0.632 |
Pathological risk factors | |||
Risk of recurrence | |||
Pathologically functional PNEN | 0.1 | 0.00–1.54 | 0.094 |
Grade (G1 vs G2/G3) | 1.3 | 0.32–4.98 | 0.732 |
Ly (0/1 vs 2/3) | 0.3 | 0.01–7.97 | 0.492 |
V (0/1 vs 2/3) | 3.0 | 0.50–18.68 | 0.230 |
Ne (0/1 vs 2/3) | 5.2 | 0.72–37.49 | 0.102 |
Lymph node metastasis | 9.5 | 2.85–31.43 | < 0.001 |
Risk of death | |||
Pathologically functional PNEN | 0.5 | 0.09–2.91 | 0.452 |
Grade (G1 vs G2/G3) | 0.6 | 0.11–3.15 | 0.535 |
Ly (0/1 vs 2/3) | 2.2 | 0.04–119.40 | 0.698 |
V (0/1 vs 2/3) | 0.7 | 0.04–14.21 | 0.825 |
Ne (0/1 vs 2/3) | 1.0 | 0.03–38.52 | 0.986 |
Lymph node metastasis | 8.0 | 1.95–32.59 | 0.004 |