Table 2 Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of OS for nomogram in the training cohort

 <60

1

1

 ≥60

1.63 (1.44–1.86)

<0.001

1.87 (1.64–2.14)

<0.001

 Male

1

 Female

1.09 (0.97–1.21)

0.134

 Black

1

 White

1.01 (0.85–1.21)

0.881

 Others (AI, API)

0.91 (0.71–1.18)

0.482

 Unmarried

1

1

 Married

0.76 (0.68–0.85)

<0.001

0.84 (0.75–0.93)

0.0014

 Left colon^a

1

1

 Right colon^b

1.01 (0.88–1.15)

0.907

 Overlapping lesion of colon

1.33 (0.9–1.97)

0.145

 Rectum^c

1.1 (0.86–1.41)

0.429

 ≤50

1

1

 >50

1.17 (1.05–1.31)

0.005

1.04 (0.92–1.17)

0.5454

 Grade I/II

1

1

 Grade III/IV

1.8 (1.6–2.03)

<0.001

1.26 (1.12–1.43)

<0.001

 pT1

1

1

 pT2

1.42 (0.87–2.34)

0.161

1.26 (0.77–2.07)

0.361

 pT3

1.98 (1.26–3.13)

0.003

1.31 (0.82–2.08)

0.2591

 pT4

4.54 (2.87–7.17)

<0.001

1.93 (1.2–3.1)

0.0068

 pN0

1

1

 pN1

1.74 (1.52-2)

<0.001

1.5 (1.28–1.76)

<0.001

 pN2

3.58 (3.14–4.07)

<0.001

2.42 (2.05–2.85)

<0.001

 M0

1

1

 M1

5.35 (4.75–6.02)

<0.001

3.2 (2.76–3.7)

<0.001

 Negative

1

1

 Positive

2 (1.79–2.23)

<0.001

1.4 (1.24–1.57)

<0.001

PNI

 Negative

1

 Positive

2.4 (2.08–2.76)

<0.001

1.21 (1.04–1.41)

0.0146

 Negative

1

 Positive

3.23 (2.86–3.65)

<0.001

1.52 (1.31–1.75)

<0.001

 <12

1

 ≥12

0.52 (0.44–0.61)

<0.001

0.65 (0.55–0.78)

<0.001

 No/Unknown

1

1

 Yes

1.29 (1.15–1.43)

<0.001

0.61 (0.54–0.7)

<0.001