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Table 6 The univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression for screening prognostic factors for HCC overall survival

From: The clinicopathological and prognostic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma: a 10-year tertiary center experience in Egypt

Studied variable

Univariate

Multivariate

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

Older age

0.01

1.03 (1.02–1.05)

0.01

1.03 (1.01–1.06)

Sex (male)

0.18

0.6 (0.4–1.18)

  

Viral etiology

0.94

0.9 (0.4– 2.1)

  

Prior HCV treatment

 IFN

0.57

1.2 (0.6–2.0)

  

 DAAs

0.28

0.7 (0.3–1.3)

  

Serum AFP

0.64

1.0 (1.0–1.0)

  

Tumor focality (multiple)

0.21

1.3 (0.8–1.9)

  

Tumor size

0.01

1.1 (1.017–1.2)

0.007

1.1 (1.02–1.2)

Pathological grade

 I

Reference

   

 II

0.91

0.9 (0.4–1.8)

  

 III

0.46

1.3 (0.6–2.8)

  

Tumor TIL Salgado

 0–10

Reference

   

 20–40

0.03

0.4 (0.2–0.9)

0.006

0.3 (0.2–0.7)

Intra-tumoral fibrous stroma

 Absent

Reference

   

 Present

0.01

1.6 (1.1–2.4)

0.002

1.9 (1.2–2.8)

 Dominant

0.01

2.9 (1.2–6.8)

0.02

2.8 (1.2-6.6)

Pathological stage

 1

Reference

   

 2

0.66

1.3 (0.3–5.7)

  

 3

0.53

1.6 (0.3–7.2)

  

 4

0.30

2.5 (0.4–15.5)

  

Tumor stage (late)

0.25

1.4 (0.7–2.5)

  

Liver cirrhosis

0.22

1.2 (0.8–1.9)

  

LVI

0.27

1.2 (0.8–2.1)

  
  1. HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, HCV hepatitis C virus, IFN interferon, DAAs direct acting anti-viral, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, TILs tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, LVI lymphovascular invasion, HR hazard ratio