Characteristics | Ligation level | χ2/t | p- | |
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Low (N = 307) | High (N = 283) | Value | value |
Age | 58.47 ± 12.82 | 57.53 ± 12.36 | 0.908 | 0.364 |
 ≤ 65 y | 209 (68.1%) | 201 (71.0%) | 0.603 | 0.437 |
 > 65 y | 98 (31.9%) | 82 (29.0%) |  |  |
Gender | Â | Â | 2.976 | 0.085 |
 Male | 175 (57.0%) | 181 (64.0%) |  |  |
 Female | 132 (43.0%) | 102 (36.0%) |  |  |
Diabetes and/or hypertension | Â | Â | 2.435 | 0.119 |
 Yes | 47 (15.3%) | 31 (11.0%) |  |  |
 No | 260 (86.7%) | 252 (89.0%) |  |  |
Tumor size | Â | Â | 0.595 | 0.441 |
 ≤ 5 cm | 218 (71.0%) | 209 (73.9%) |  |  |
 > 5 cm | 89 (29.0%) | 74 (26.1%) |  |  |
Location | Â | Â | 3.575 | 0.059 |
 Sigmoid colon | 109 (35.5%) | 122 (43.1%) |  |  |
 Rectum | 198 (64.5%) | 161 (56.9%) |  |  |
Gross morphology | Â | Â | 0.632 | 0.729 |
 Mass forming | 97 (31.6%) | 95 (33.6%) |  |  |
 Ulcerative | 174 (56.7%) | 160 (56.5%) |  |  |
 Infiltrative | 36 (11.7%) | 28 (9.9%) |  |  |
Differentiation | Â | Â | 2.430 | 0.297 |
 Well | 18 (5.9%) | 20 (7.1%) |  |  |
 Moderate | 257 (83.7%) | 223 (78.8%) |  |  |
 Poor | 32 (10.4%) | 40 (14.1%) |  |  |
Histological component | Â | Â | 0.825 | 0.662 |
 Adenocarcinoma | 295 (96.1%) | 268 (94.7%) |  |  |
 Mucinous carcinoma | 11 (3.6%) | 13 (4.6%) |  |  |
 Signet-ring cell carcinoma | 1 (0.3%) | 2 (0.7%) |  |  |
Vascular invasion | Â | Â | 0.992 | 0.319 |
 No | 295 (96.1%) | 267 (94.3%) |  |  |
 Yes | 12 (3.9%) | 16 (5.7%) |  |  |
Nerve invasion | Â | Â | 0.184 | 0.668 |
 No | 301 (98.0%) | 276 (97.5%) |  |  |
 Yes | 6 (2.0%) | 7 (2.5%) |  |  |
Depth of invasion | Â | Â | 6.306 | 0.098 |
 T1 | 12 (3.9%) | 7 (2.5%) |  |  |
 T2 | 72 (23.5%) | 46 (16.2%) |  |  |
 T3 | 141 (45.9%) | 149 (52.7%) |  |  |
 T4 | 82 (26.7%) | 81 (28.6%) |  |  |
Lymph node metastasis | Â | Â | 2.450 | 0.294 |
 N0 | 189 (61.6%) | 159 (56.2%) |  |  |
 N1 | 71 (23.1%) | 81 (28.6%) |  |  |
 N2 | 47 (15.3%) | 43 (15.2%) |  |  |
pTNM | Â | Â | 5.285 | 0.071 |
 I | 69 (22.5%) | 43 (15.2%) |  |  |
 II | 120 (39.1%) | 116 (41.0%) |  |  |
 III | 118 (38.4%) | 124 (43.8%) |  |  |
CEA level (μg/L) |  |  | 0.653 | 0.419 |
 ≤ 5 | 205 (66.8%) | 180 (63.6%) |  |  |
 > 5 | 102 (33.2%) | 103 (36.4%) |  |  |
Chemotherapy | Â | Â | 2.059 | 0.151 |
 No | 170 (55.4%) | 140 (49.5%) |  |  |
 Yes | 137 (44.6%) | 143 (50.5%) |  |  |