Table 1 Preoperative characteristics of the patients and tumors
| Â | TPAISR n = 57 (%) | TAISR n = 142 (%) | PAISR n = 36 (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | 0.854 | |||
 Male | 32 (56.1) | 76 (53.5) | 21 (58.3) |  |
 Female | 25 (43.9) | 66 (46.5) | 15 (41.7) |  |
Age, median (IQR), years | 52 | 54 (46, 62) | 58 | 0.059 |
BMI, median (IQR) | 23.2 | 22.2 | 21.8 | 0.032 0.021a 0.527b 0.024c |
ASA score | 0.223 | |||
 I | 40 (70.2) | 89 (62.7) | 17 (47.2) |  |
 II | 12 (21.2) | 43 (30.3) | 15 (41.7) |  |
 III | 5 (8.8) | 10 (7.0) | 4 (11.1) |  |
Tumor height, median (IQR), cm | 4.0 | 5.0 | 3.8 | < 0.001 < 0.001a < 0.001b 0.431c |
Previous abdominal surgery | 0.291 | |||
 No | 48 (84.2) | 125 (88.0) | 28 (84.2) |  |
 Yes | 9 (15.8) | 17 (12.0) | 8 (22.2) |  |
Tumor size, median (IQR), cm | 2.5 | 2.5 (1.8, 3.0) | 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) | 0.440 |
LCIT (%) | 0.002 | |||
 < 50 | 21 (36.8) | 83 (58.5) | 26 (72.2) | 0.130b |
 ≥ 50 | 36 (63.2) | 59 (41.5) | 10 (27.8) | 0.001c |
CEA (ng/ml) | 0.272 | |||
 ≤ 5.0 | 46 (80.7) | 110 (77.5) | 24 (66.7) |  |
 > 5.0 | 11 (19.3) | 32 (22.5) | 12 (33.3) |  |
CA199 (u/ml) | 0.076 | |||
 ≤ 37.0 | 51 (89.5) | 126 (88.7) | 27 (75.0) |  |
 > 37.0 | 6 (10.5) | 16 (11.3) | 9 (25.0) |  |
Neoadjuvant CRT | 0.111 | |||
 No | 11 (19.3) | 48 (33.8) | 9 (25.0) |  |
 Yes | 46 (80.7) | 94 (66.2) | 27 (75.0) |  |
Preoperative T category | 0.116 | |||
 T1 | 14 (24.6) | 40 (28.2) | 3 (8.3) |  |
 T2 | 23 (40.4) | 64 (45.1) | 21 (58.4) |  |
 T3 | 13 (35.0) | 38 (26.8) | 12 (33.3) |  |
Preoperative baseline Wexner scores | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–3) | 0.681 |