Combination of extramural venous invasion and lateral lymph node size detected with magnetic resonance imaging is a reliable biomarker for lateral lymph node metastasis in patients with rectal cancer

Table 3 Positive and negative predictive values and likelihood ratio for the two factors independently associated with LLN metastasis

Factor	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	Accuracy	PLR	NLR
MRI-EMVI (positive/negative)	0.78	0.63	0.44	0.89	0.67	2.12	2.85
Enlarged LLN (positive/negative)^a	0.89	0.82	0.64	0.95	0.84	4.84	7.35
Positive MRI-EMVI and enlarged LLN /the others^b	0.67	0.96	0.86	0.89	0.88	16.33	2.88
Negative MRI-EMVI and no enlarged LLN/the others^c	1	0.49	0.42	1	0.63	1.96	–

MRI magnetic resonance imaging, EMVI extramural venous invasion, LLN lateral lymph node, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, PLR positive likelihood ratio, NLR negative likelihood ratio
^aPositive/Negative value of the short axis of lateral lymph node (mm) (≥ 5/< 5)
^bpositive MRI-EMVI and no enlarged LLN, negative MRI-EMVI and enlarged LLN, or negative MRI-EMVI and no enlarged LLN
^cpositive MRI-EMVI and no enlarged LLN, negative MRI-EMVI and enlarged LLN, or negative MRI-EMVI and no enlarged LLN

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