Fig. 3

The LASSO algorithm was used to select predictive radiomics features. A Tuning parameter (λ) in the LASSO model was selected by ten-fold cross-validation. The optimal λ value of 0.015 with log(λ) of − 4.269 was chosen (at the minimum criteria). B Coefficients of 30 features were shrunk with the penalty term increases. Nine features with nonzero coefficients were obtained with the optimal λ