Table 1 Previous case reports of capecitabine associated ileitis
Case | Patients information | Chief complaints | Bleeding | Diagnostic findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Case 1 Barton 2006 [6] | 54-year-old man Adenocarcinoma of the right colon Adjuvant chemotherapy: capecitabine | >C3: severe cramps, diarrhea | No | Colonoscopy with biopsy: ulcerative ileitis with eosinophilic infiltrates |
Case2 Bouma 2011 [7] | 73-year-old man Rectal cancer with liver metastasis Palliative chemotherapy: bevacizumab + oxaliplatin + capecitabine | Abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, and subfebrile temperature | No | CT scan: bowel wall thickening particularly of the ileum |
Case 3 Al-Gahmi 2012 [8] | 65-year-old man Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the rectum Pelvic radiotherapy + XELOX | >C1: fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea | No | Colonoscopy with biopsy: isolated ulceration in the terminal ileum with eosinophilic infiltrates |
Case 4 Radwan 2012 [9] | 67-year-old man Colon adenocarcinoma Adjuvant chemotherapy: capecitabine | >C2: reduced appetite, lower abdominal discomfort and diarrhea | No | CT scan: thickened edematous distal loops of ileum |
Case 5 Mokrim 2014 [10] | 66-year-old woman Metastatic breast cancer Palliative chemotherapy: capecitabine | >C1: fever, diarrhea, fatigue, and emesis | No | Colonoscopy with biopsy: ileitis with eosinophilic infiltrates, absence of intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltrates |
Case 6 Mokrim 2014 [10] | 67-year-old woman Metastatic breast cancer Second-line palliative setting: capecitabine | >C2: diarrhea, fever, fatigue, and reduced appetite | No | CT scan: parietal thickening of the terminal ileal loop |
Case 7 Lee 2015 [11] | 61-year-old woman Adenocarcinoma of the right colon Second-line adjuvant chemotherapy: capecitabine + irinotecan + cetuximab | >C4: abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, vomiting, and fever | No | CT scan: extensive submucosal edema at the terminal and middle part of the ileum |
Case 8 Lee 2015 [11] | 59-year-old woman Adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon Adjuvant chemotherapy: capecitabine | >C3: diarrhea, hand-foot-skin reaction, and stomatitis | No | CT scan: diffuse submucosal edema with multiple small gas bubbles along the distal ileum |
Case 9 Van Hellemond 2018 [12] | 69-year-old woman Adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon Adjuvant chemotherapy: XELOX | >C1: diarrhea, nausea, and reduced appetite | No | Colonoscopy with biopsy: ileitis with superficial but extensive ulceration in the terminal ileum |
Case 10 Dao 2019 [5] | 72-year-old woman Adenocarcinoma of the right colon Adjuvant chemotherapy: capecitabine | Watery diarrhea | No | Colonoscopy with biopsy: granular erythematous mucosa erosion with acute inflammation and occasional atypical glands in the terminal ileum |
Case 11 Dao 2019 [5] | 42-year-old woman Recurrent right breast cancer Palliative chemotherapy: capecitabine | Voluminous bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever | yes | Colonoscopy with biopsy: diffuse pseudomembranes with inflammatory exudates and spontaneous bleeding in the terminal ileum |
Our case | 72-year-old woman Adenocarcinoma of the right colon Adjuvant chemotherapy: XELOX | >C1: Voluminous bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever | yes | Surgery with biopsy: active stage of chronic inflammatory changes: diffuse ulceration and erosions in the mucosa with eosinophilic and neutrophil infiltrates |