Table 1 Clinicopathological and radiographic characteristics stratified by the presence of adherent perinephric fat (APF)

 Male

139 (64.7%)

36 (87.8%)

103 (59.2%)

Age (years)^b

57.1 ± 13.4

59.9 ± 14.5

56.5 ± 13.1

BMI (kg/m²)^b

24.1 ± 3.7

25.7 ± 3.7

23.7 ± 3.6

Hypertension^a

116 (54.0%)

27 (65.9%)

89 (51.1%)

Diabetes mellitus^a

52 (24.2%)

13 (31.7%)

39 (22.4%)

Tobacco use^a

70 (32.6%)

17 (41.5%)

53 (30.5%)

Dyslipidemia^a

88 (41.0%)

16 (39.0%)

72 (41.4%)

Preoperative creatinine (μmol/l)^c

70.0 (58.0, 84.0)

80.0 (70.0, 97.5)

68.0 (54.0, 81.3)

Preoperative eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)^b

117.7 ± 34.5

103.6 ± 30.1

121.1 ± 34.7

Tumor size (cm)^b

3.7 ± 1.5

4.0 ± 1.4

3.6 ± 1.5

 Left side

105 (48.8%)

22 (53.7%)

83 (47.7%)

 pT1a

131 (60.9%)

22 (53.7%)

109 (62.6%)

 pT1b

65 (30.2%)

16 (39.0%)

49 (28.2%)

 pT2a

6 (2.8%)

1 (2.4%)

5 (2.9%)

 ≥ pT3

13 (6.1%)

2 (4.9%)

11 (6.3%)

 Clear cell

168 (78.1%)

36 (87.8%)

132 (75.9%)

 Papillary cell

6 (2.8%)

1 (2.4%)

5 (2.9%)

 Chromophobe

12 (5.6%)

1 (2.4%)

11 (6.3%)

 Other subtype

29 (13.5%)

3 (7.4%)

26 (14.9%)

 I

13 (7.5%)

1 (2.7%)

12 (8.8%)

 II

132 (75.9%)

27 (73.0%)

105 (76.6%)

 III

29 (16.6%)

9 (24.3%)

20 (14.6%)

 IV

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

Renal capsular invasion^a

50 (23.3%)

11 (26.8%)

39 (22.4%)

Perinephric fat invasion^a

12 (5.6%)

2 (4.9%)

10 (5.7%)

RENAL nephrometry score^c

6.0 (6.0, 8.0)

7.0 (6.0, 8.0)

6.0 (5.0, 8.0)

Posterior fat thickness (cm)^b

1.1 ± 0.6

2.0 ± 0.6

0.9 ± 0.5

 None

110 (51.2%)

4 (9.8%)

106 (60.9%)

 Mild/moderate

72 (33.5%)

13 (31.7%)

59 (33.9%)

 Severe

33 (15.3%)

24 (58.5%)

9 (5.2%)

MAP score^c

2.0 (0.0, 3.0)

4.0 (4.0, 4.0)

1.0 (0.0, 3.0)