Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients undergoing liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma with major portal vein tumor thrombosis
Characteristics | Era 1 n = 52 | Era 2 n = 105 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), median (range) | 54.5 (29.9–76.4) | 58.0 (28.5–83.0) | 0.253 |
Gender | |||
Male | 48 (92.3%) | 89 (84.8%) | 0.182 |
Female | 4 (7.7%) | 16 (15.2%) | |
Hepatitis status | |||
HBV(+) | 40 (76.9%) | 57 (54.3%) | 0.013 |
HCV(+) | 7 (13.5%) | 20 (19%) | |
HBV and HCV(+) | 2 (3.8%) | 2 (1.9%) | |
None | 3 (5.8) | 26 (24.8) | |
Maximum tumor size (cm) | |||
Median, range | 8.0 (1.5–25.0) | 8.0 (1.6–19.0) | 0.482 |
Portal vein tumor thrombosis | |||
Vp2 | 23(44.2%) | 40 (38.1%) | 0.446 |
Vp3 | 23 (44.2%) | 57 (54.3%) | |
Vp4 | 6 (11.5%) | 8 (7.6%) | |
Preoperative treatment | |||
TACE/TKIs | 0 | 1 (1.0%) | 0.096 |
TACE | 0 | 5 (4.8%) | |
TKIs | 0 | 1 (1.0%) | |
No | 52 (100%) | 98 (93.2%) | |
Extent of liver resection | |||
< 3 segments | 9 (17.3%) | 13 (12.4%) | 0.403 |
≥ 3 segments | 43 (82.7%) | 92 (87.6%) | |
HCC recurrence | |||
Intrahepatic only | 7 (13.5%) | 15 (14.3%) | 0.821 |
Intrahepatic and systemic | 30 (57.7%) | 51 (48.6%) | |
Systemic | 6 (11.5%) | 20 (19.0%) | |
No | 9 (17.3%) | 19 (18.1%) | |
Treatment of recurrent HCC* | |||
Surgical resection | 1 (2.3%) | 5 (5.8%) | 0.01 |
Locoregional therapy | 27 (62.8%) | 57 (66.3%) | |
Systemic chemotherapy | 2 (4.7%) | 8 (9.3%) | |
Others | 1 (2.3%) | 7 (8.1%) | |
No | 12 (27.9%) | 9 (10.5%) | |
Additional TKIs for recurrence* | |||
Yes | 4 (8.9%) | 39 (45.3%) | 0.0001 |
No | 39 (91.1%) | 47 (54.7%) | |
Hospital mortality | 2 (3.8%) | 7 (6.7%) | 0.719 |
Outcomes | |||
Died of HCC | 43 (82.7%) | 69 (63.8%) | 0.009 |
Death unrelated to HCC | 4 (7.7%) | 2 (1.9%) | |
Alive with HCC | 0 | 15 (14.3%) | |
Alive without HCC | 3 (5.8%) | 12 (11.4%) | |