Table 1 Characteristics of the included articles
Study | Country | Year | Case | Age | Mean Tumor diameter (cm) | Mean distance from anal verge (cm) | Adjuvant chemotherapy (perform,n) | |||||
W&W | TME | W&W | TME | W&W | TME | W&W | TME | W&W | TME | |||
Ayloor[16] | India | 2013 | 23 | 10 | 50 (25-71) | 55 (30-69) | NR | NR | 3 (0-6) | 4 (0-7) | NR | NR |
Dalton[17] | UK | 2012 | 6 | 6 | 64 (54-71) | 69 (38-88) | 5.5 (2.81) | 6.1 (2.13) | 4.6 (3.05) | 5.5 (2.39) | NR | NR |
Habr[18] | Brazil | 2004 | 71 | 22 | 58.1 (35-92) | 53.6 (25-73) | 3.6 (1-7) | 4.2 (2.5-7) | 3.6 (0-7) | 3.8 (2-7) | NR | NR |
Lai[19] | Taiwan | 2016 | 18 | 26 | 67.5 (15.20) | 63.7 (14.05) | NR | NR | 3.3 | 4.8 | NR | NR |
Li[20] | China | 2015 | 30 | 92 | 62 (55-82) | 56 (34-73) | NR | NR | 3.5 (0-7) | 3.8 (0-7) | NR | NR |
Mass[21] | Netherlands | 2011 | 21 | 20 | 65±9 | 66±10 | NR | NR | 2.8 | 3.3 | 16 | 14 |
Smith[22] | USA | 2015 | 17 | 30 | 62.3 | 60.4 | NR | NR | 4.1 | 6 | 11 | 18 |
Wang[23] | China | 2020 | 59 | 179 | 58 (29-78) | 57 (27-83) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Wang[24] | China | 2021 | 94 | 94 | 57.5 (46-65) | 56 (49-62.3) | NR | NR | 4 (3-5) | 4 (3-5) | NR | NR |
Study | Follow-up time (month) | Radical surgery type | Quality control | Study design | NOS score | |||||||
| Â | W&W | TME | selection | comparability | outcome | RNCT | PNCT | RCT | ||||
Ayloor[16] | 72 | 72 | APR or LAR | 3 | 2 | 1 | √ | - | - | 6 | ||
Dalton[17] | 25.3 | 39.3 | TME | 3 | 2 | 2 | - | √ | - | 7 | ||
Habr[18] | 57.3 | 48 | TME | 2 | 3 | 1 | - | √ | - | 6 | ||
Lai[19] | 49 (21.9) | 42 (17.9) | APR or LAR or LAR+ loop stoma | 2 | 2 | 2 | √ | - | - | 6 | ||
Li[20] | 58 | 58 | APR or LAR | 3 | 1 | 2 | - | √ | - | 6 | ||
Mass[21] | 25±19 | 35±23 | TME | 3 | 2 | 2 | - | √ | - | 7 | ||
Smith[22] | 68.4 | 66.3 | APR or LAR | 2 | 3 | 2 | √ | - | - | 7 | ||
Wang[23] | 60 | 60 | TME | 2 | 2 | 2 | √ | - | - | 6 | ||
Wang[24] | 38.2 | 38.2 | TME | 3 | 2 | 2 | √ | - | - | 7 | ||