Safety and efficacy of side-to-end anastomosis versus colonic J-pouch anastomosis in sphincter-preserving resections: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Table 3 Bowel function of included trials

Bowel function (postoperative time/month)	No. of studies	SEA		CJP		Effect size		Heterogeneity
Bowel function (postoperative time/month)	No. of studies	Events	Total	Events	Total	RR (95% CI)	P	I²	P
Urgency (early)^a	4 [31, 34, 35, 38]	35	93	29	90	1.00 (0.74, 1.35)	1.00	0%	0.42
Urgency (intermediate)^b	4 [31, 34, 35, 38]	24	93	16	90	1.05 (0.69, 1.61)	0.81	0%	0.40
Urgency (late)^c	3 [34, 35, 38]	18	59	17	59	0.85 (0.59, 1.24)	0.41	0%	0.73
Pad using (intermediate)^b	3 [32, 34, 38]	37	155	29	148	0.74 (0.42, 1.31)	0.30	0%	0.99
Pad using (late)^c	3 [32, 34, 38]	29	150	29	146	1.39 (0.47, 4.14)	0.55	0%	0.52
Incomplete defection (3m)	2 [31, 34]	18	54	27	53	0.28 (0.09, 0.86)	0.03*	25%	0.25
Incomplete defection (6m)	3 [31, 32, 34]	36	98	34	97	1.15 (0.36, 3.65)	0.81	57%	0.10
Incomplete defection (12m)	2 [31, 34]	28	67	25	68	1.63 (0.62, 2.64)	0.55	0%	0.42
Enema (6m)	3 [31, 32, 34]	4	98	4	97	0.88 (0.19, 3.98)	0.87	0%	0.40
Medication (6m)	3 [31, 32, 34]	32	98	34	97	1.18 (0.42, 3.32)	0.75	41%	0.19

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