Table 1 Patient characteristics and operative details
Variable | Suction (N=8441) | Gravity (N=1224) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Percent | Number | Percent | ||
Age (median, [IQR]) | 67 [59, 73] | 67 [58, 73] | 0.048 | ||
Female | 3891 | 46.1% | 598 | 48.9% | 0.070 |
Race | 0.293 | ||||
White | 6284 | 74.4% | 894 | 73.0% | |
Unknown/other | 2157 | 25.6% | 330 | 27.0% | |
Smoking | 0.048 | ||||
Yes | 1461 | 17.3% | 184 | 15.0% | |
No | 6980 | 82.7% | 1040 | 85.0% | |
Diabetes | 0.146 | ||||
Yes | 2207 | 26.2% | 344 | 28.1% | |
No | 6234 | 73.8% | 880 | 71.2% | |
Operation year | <0.001 | ||||
2016 | 2581 | 30.6% | 498 | 40.7% | |
2017 | 2853 | 33.8% | 378 | 30.9% | |
2018 | 3007 | 35.6% | 348 | 28.4% | |
ASA class | 0.002 | ||||
1 or 2 | 1845 | 21.9% | 315 | 25.7% | |
3 or 4 | 6596 | 78.1% | 909 | 74.3% | |
Wound class | <0.001 | ||||
1 or 2 | 6802 | 80.6% | 1038 | 84.8% | |
3 or 4 | 1639 | 19.4% | 186 | 15.2% | |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 0.002 | ||||
Yes | 1884 | 22.3% | 225 | 18.4% | |
No | 6557 | 77.7% | 999 | 81.6% | |
Neoadjuvant radiation therapy | 0.001 | ||||
Yes | 777 | 9.2% | 76 | 6.2% | |
No | 7664 | 90.8% | 1148 | 93.8% | |
Approach (combined categories) | 0.013 | ||||
Open | 7925 | 93.9% | 1171 | 95.7% | |
Minimally invasive | 516 | 6.1% | 53 | 4.3% | |
Pancreatic duct diameter | <0.001 | ||||
<3 mm | 2254 | 26.7% | 324 | 26.5% | |
≥3 mm | 4697 | 55.6% | 615 | 50.2% | |
Unknown | 1490 | 17.7% | 285 | 23.3% | |
Pancreatic gland texture | <0.001 | ||||
Soft/intermediate | 3890 | 46.1% | 533 | 43.5% | |
Hard | 2797 | 33.1% | 336 | 27.5% | |
Unknown | 1754 | 20.8% | 335 | 27.4% | |
Pancreatic pathology | 0.264 | ||||
Adenocarcinoma or pancreatitis | 5010 | 59.4% | 747 | 61.0% | |
Other or unknown | 3431 | 40.6% | 477 | 39.0% | |
Transfusion on POD0 | 0.001 | ||||
Yes | 1169 | 13.8% | 127 | 12.1% | |
No | 7272 | 86.2% | 1097 | 83.9% | |
Pathologic detail | -- | ||||
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 4614 | 55.4% | 687 | 56.9% | |
Ampullary carcinoma | 683 | 8.2% | 88 | 7.3% | |
Duodenal carcinoma | 255 | 3.1% | 32 | 2.7% | |
Neuroendocrine | 550 | 6.6% | 88 | 7.3% | |
IPMN-invasive | 188 | 2.3% | 17 | 1.4% | |
Distal cholangiocarcinoma | 273 | 3.3% | 24 | 2.0% | |
Malignant other | 419 | 5.0% | 50 | 4.1% | |
Chronic pancreatitis | 288 | 3.5% | 51 | 4.2% | |
IPMN-noninvasive | 534 | 6.4% | 96 | 7.9% | |
Mucinous cystic neoplasm | 59 | 0.7% | 5 | 0.4% | |
Serous cystadenoma | 78 | 0.9% | 14 | 1.2% | |
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm | 43 | 0.5% | 7 | 0.6% | |
Benign other | 342 | 4.1% | 49 | 4.1% | |
Pancreatic reconstruction | 0.015 | ||||
Pancreaticojejunal duct-to-mucosal | 7521 | 89.1% | 1062 | 86.8% | |
Pancreaticojejunal invagination or pancreaticogastrostomy | 920 | 10.9% | 162 | 13.2% | |
Vascular reconstruction (any) | 1457 | 17.3% | 169 | 13.8% | 0.003 |
T stage | -- | ||||
T0/Tis | 110 | 1.3% | 8 | 0.7% | |
T1 | 899 | 10.9% | 125 | 10.4% | |
T2 | 1777 | 21.5% | 272 | 22.7% | |
T3 | 3629 | 43.8% | 502 | 41.8% | |
T4 | 381 | 4.6% | 47 | 3.9% | |
Tx/unknown | 1484 | 17.9% | 246 | 20.5% | |
N stage | -- | ||||
N0 | 2689 | 32.7% | 369 | 31.0% | |
N1 | 4029 | 49.1% | 573 | 48.2% | |
Nx/unknown | 1493 | 18.2% | 248 | 20.8% | |
M stage | -- | ||||
M0/Mx | 5381 | 70.2% | 615 | 61.6% | |
M1 | 145 | 1.9% | 28 | 2.8% | |
Unknown | 2136 | 27.9% | 356 | 35.6% | |