Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis for overall survival after the first pulmonary metastasectomy

Age > 50 years

0.375

Liver cirrhosis (+)

0.051

1.729 (1.142–2.619)

0.010

Hepatitis viral marker (+)

0.457

BCLC stage ≥ C

0.035

ECOG performance status ≥1

0.089

Child-Pugh score ≥ B

0.025

Local recurrence of HCC

< 0.001

2.495 (1.571–3.963)

< 0.001

Initial AFP > 500 ng/ml

0.318

Preoperative AFP > 500 ng/ml

< 0.001

2.632 (1.554–4.456)

< 0.001

Wedge resection as metastasectomy

0.423

Multiple PM

0.274

Maximum diameter of PM > 2 cm

0.130

Hospital days ≥ 7

0.093

Time-to-pulmonary recurrence period

0.113

Open metastasectomy

0.870