Fig. 1

Distribution and prognostic significance of PD-1, PD-L1, CD8, and CD68 in tumor and peri-tumor by multiplex immunohistochemistry in ICC patients. a Representative multiplex immunofluorescence staining with the indicated immune markers in ICC tumor and peri-tumor tissues: green (PD-1), cyan (PD-L1), red (CD8), purple (CD68), and blue (DAPI), respectively. Scale bar, 50 μm. b Quantitative comparisons analysis of the density of PD1⁺, PD-L1⁺, CD8⁺, and CD68⁺, between paired tumor tissues (T) and peri-tumor tissues (P) (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). c, d Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival (OS) (c) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (d) in ICC according to the density of PD1⁺, PD-L1⁺,CD8⁺, and CD68⁺ in the 322 ICC patients