Fig. 1

Representative immunohistochemical images in samples from primary tumor tissues of patients with renal cell carcinoma. Expression level of each biomarker is defined as follows; “high-expression” represents staining intensity in tumor cells equal to or higher than that of normal proximal renal tubules; “low-expression” is define as either a negative reaction or lower positive staining than that of proximal tubules. Scale bars indicate 50 μm