Table 1 Characteristics of the included articles
Study | Year | Country | Case | Age | Quality control | Diagnostic criteria | Study design | Neoadjuvant therapy | Evaluation | Follow-up time (month) | Radical surgery type | NOS score | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WS | RS | LE | WS | RS | LE | Selection | Comparability | Outcome | Time (week) | WS | RS | LE | APR or LAR | |||||||
Ayloor [16] | 2013 | India | 23 | 10 | – | 50 | 55 | – | 3 | 2 | 1 | ➀➁➂+ CT, ultrasound | RNCT | Long-range radiotherapy | 4–6 | 72 | 72 | – | APR or LAR | 6 |
Dalton [17] | 2012 | UK | 6 | 6 | – | 68 | 69 | – | 3 | 2 | 2 | ➀➁➃➄ | PNCT | Cape/45–50.4Gy | 6–8 | 25.3 | 39.3 | – | TME | 7 |
Habr [11] | 2004 | Brazil | 71 | 22 | – | 58.1 | 53.6 | – | 2 | 3 | 1 | ➀➁➂+CT | PNCT | 5-FU+LV/45–50.4Gy | 6–8 | 57.3 | 48 | – | TME | 6 |
Lai [18] | 2016 | Taiwan | 18 | 26 | – | 67.5 | 63.7 | – | 2 | 2 | 2 | ➀➃➄ | RNCT | 5-FU/45–50.4Gy | 8–12 | 49 | 42 | – | APR or LAR or LAR+ loop stoma | 6 |
Lee [19] | 2015 | Korea | 8 | 28 | 16 | 64 | 70 | 70 | 3 | 2 | 1 | ➂➃➄ | PNCT | 50.4Gy | 6–10 | 41 | 41 | 41 | TME | 6 |
Li [20] | 2015 | China | 30 | 92 | – | 62 | 56 | – | 3 | 1 | 2 | ➀➁➂➃➄ | PNCT | Cape/50;25Gy | 8–10 | 58 | 58 | – | APR or LAR | 6 |
Mass [21] | 2011 | Netherlands | 21 | 20 | – | 65 | 66 | – | 3 | 2 | 2 | ➀➁➂➃➄ | PNCT | Cape/45Gy | 6–8 | 25 | 35 | – | TME | 7 |
Renehan [22] | 2016 | UK | 129 | 109 | – | 66.9 | 65 | – | 2 | 3 | 2 | ➀➁➂➃➄ | PNCT | 5-FU/45Gy | 8 | 33 | 33 | – | TME | 7 |
Smith [23] | 2012 | USA | 32 | 57 | – | 70 | 60 | – | 3 | 3 | 1 | ➀➁➂➃➄ | PNCT | 5-FU+ Cape/50.4Gy | 4–10 | 28 | 43 | – | – | 7 |
Yeom [24] | 2019 | Korea | 15 | 129 | 25 | 74 | 64.8 | 73 | 2 | 3 | 2 | ➀➁➂➃➄ | RNCT | Cape /50.4Gy or Capeox/50.4Gy or 5-FU /50.4Gy | 8 | 60 | 60 | 60 | TME | 7 |
Wang [25] | 2020 | China | 59 | 179 | – | 58 | 57 | – | 2 | 2 | 2 | ➀➁➂➃➄ | RNCT | 5-FU+ Cape/50.4Gy | 6–12 | 60 | 60 | – | TME | 6 |