Table 2 Patient demographics and clinicopathological characteristics and their impact on OS in the overall cohort (n = 318)

 2011 to 2016 vs 2000 to 2010

0.727 (0.523–1.010)

0.057

0.850 (0.601–1.201)

0.357

  (≥ 65 vs < 65 years)

0.756 (0.546–1.049)

0.094

 Male vs female

1.192 (0.882–1.611)

0.252

  [3 and 4] vs [1 and 2]

1.172 (0.817–1.682)

0.389

 % with ≥ 200 ng/ml

2.128 (1.359–3.332)

0.001

1.879 (1.182–2.986)

0.008

 Poor vs well or moderate

2.365 (1.283–4.360)

0.006

3.017 (1.620–5.621)

0.001

 3 and 4 vs 1 and 2

1.491 (0.847–2.624)

0.166

 1 and 2 vs 0

2.021 (1.407–2.902)

< 0.001

2.098 (1.420–3.101)

< 0.001

 Colon vs rectal

0.745 (0.517–1.075)

0.115

 ≥ 5 vs < 5 cm

1.342 (0.935–1.927)

0.111

 Bilobar vs unilobar

1.196 (0.859–1.664)

0.289

 Multiple vs solitary

1.233 (0.917–1.658)

0.165

 Synchronous vs metachronous

1.463 (1.091–1.963)

0.011

 Major vs minor

1.473 (1.100–1.974)

0.009

 R1/R2 vs R0

1.312 (0.899–1.915)

0.159

 > 12 months vs ≤ 12 months

0.708 (0.505–0.992)

0.045

 Yes vs no

1.455 (1.067–1.986)

0.018

 Yes vs no

0.834 (0.622–1.119)

0.226

 ≥ 3 vs < 3

1.721 (1.281–2.311)

< 0.0001