From: Cowden syndrome is a risk factor for multiple neoplasm: a case report
Criteria major | Criteria minor |
---|---|
Breast cancer | Colon cancer |
Follicular thyroid cancer | Esophageal glycogenic acanthoses (≥ 3) |
Endometrial cancer | Lipomas (≥ 3) |
Multiple gastrointestinal hamartomas | Thyroid cancer (papillary or follicular variant of papillary) |
Lhermitte-Duclos disease (adult) | Renal cell carcinoma |
Macrocephaly (P ≥ 97) | Thyroid structural lesions (e.g., adenoma, nodule(s), goiter) |
Macular pigmentation of glans penis | Intellectual disability (QI ≤ 75) |
Mucocutaneous lesions: ● Trichilemmoma (≥ 3 biopsy proven) ● Acral keratoses (≥ 3 palmoplantar keratotic pits and/or acral hyperkeratotic papules) ● Oral papillomas (particularly on tongue and gingiva), multiple (≥ 3), or biopsy-proven or dermatologist-diagnosed mucocutaneous neuromas (≥ 3) | Autism spectrum disorder |
Testicular lipomatosis | |
Vascular anomalies (including multiple intracranial developmental venous anomalies) |