Skeletal muscle loss in the postoperative acute phase after esophageal cancer surgery as a new prognostic factor

Table 2 Correlations between characteristics and sarcopenia in patients undergoing radical esophagectomy

Variable	Total cases	TPI reduction rate mild group	TPI reduction rate severe group	P value
Total cases, n (%)	72 (100)	36 (50%)	36 (50%)	-
Age at RE (y), median (IQR)	66 (43 - 83)	66 (55 - 83)	66 (44 - 82)	0.9380^a
ASA, n (%)				0.6908^b
1, 2	65 (90%)	33 (92%)	32 (89%)
≥ 3	7 (10%)	3 (8%)	4 (11%)
Preoperative sarcopenia^d, n (%)				0.4533^b
Sarcopenic	64 (89%)	33 (92%)	31 (86%)
Nonsarcopenic	8 (11%)	3 (8%)	5 (14%)
Tumor location, n (%)				0.5798^c
Ce/Ut	17 (24%)	10 (28%)	7 (19%)
Mt/Lt/Ae	55 (76%)	26 (72%)	29 (81%)
pStage, n (%)				0.3450^b
< pStage III	36 (50%)	21 (58%)	15 (42%)
≥ pStage III	36 (50%)	15 (42%)	21 (58%)
Preoperative therapy, n (%)				0.5675^c
None	17 (24%)	8 (22%)	9 (25%)
Chemotherapy	54 (75%)	28 (78%)	26 (72%)
Chemoradiotherapy	1 (1%)	0 (0%)	1 (3%)
Postoperative therapy, n (%)				0.5675^c
None	17 (24%)	8 (22%)	9 (25%)
Chemotherapy	51 (75%)	28 (78%)	26 (72%)
Chemoradiotherapy	1 (1%)	0 (0%)	1 (3%)
Operative procedure, n (%)				0.0407^b
Open esophagectomy	22 (31%)	7 (19%)	15 (42%)
Thoracoscopic esophagectomy	50 (69%)	29 (81%)	21 (58%)
Blood loss (ml), median (IQR)	330 (150 - 510)	230 (110 - 405)	370 (255 - 723.75)	0.0087^a
Operative time (min), median (IQR)	616.5 (553.5 - 698)	622 (540.75 - 728.5)	610.5 (559.25 - 676.5)	0.4885^a

TPI total psoas major muscle mass index, RE radical esophagectomy, IQR interquartile range, ASA the American Society of Anesthesia physical status, pStage pathological stage (UICC 8th), ^aWilcoxon rank-sum test, ^bFisher’s exact test, ^cChi-square test, ^dAccording to the definition of Prado [22]

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