| Group VE (n = 49) | Group E (n = 363) | Group Y (n = 384) | p; VE vs. E | p; VE vs. Y |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Surgical procedure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Partial hepatectomy (%) | 20 (10) | 23 (85) | 25 (95) | 0.63 | 0.50 |
 Subsegmentectomy or segmentectomy (%) | 41 (20) | 41 (149) | 36 (140) | 0.97 | 0.55 |
 Bisegmentectomy or trisegmentectomy (%) | 39 (19) | 36 (129) | 39 (149) | 0.65 | 0.99 |
Operative outcome | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Median blood loss (ml) (range) | 400 (0–2400) | 380 (0–35,820) | 375 (0–20,190) | 0.64 | 0.50 |
 Median operative time (min) (range) | 288 (113–508) | 327 (99–911) | 312 (78–609) | < 0.01 | 0.01 |
Morbidity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Total morbidities (%) | 14 (7) | 19 (68) | 23 (88) | 0.44 | 0.16 |
 Pleural effusion (%) | 4 (2) | 4 (15) | 7 (27) | 0.98 | 0.43 |
 Ascites (%) | 4 (2) | 3 (12) | 5 (19) | 0.77 | 0.79 |
 Postoperative bleeding (%) | 2 (1) | 2 (7) | 4 (17) | 0.95 | 0.43 |
 Bile leakage (%) | 8 (4) | 7 (26) | 6 (22) | 0.80 | 0.49 |
 Hyperbilirubinemia (%) | 2 (1) | 2 (9) | 4 (15) | 0.85 | 0.51 |
 Wound infection (%) | 2 (1) | 2 (8) | 2 (7) | 0.94 | 0.91 |
 Pneumonia (%) | 4 (2) | 1 (4) | 2 (8) | 0.10 | 0.38 |
 Ileus (%) | 4 (2) | 1 (5) | 1 (4) | 0.16 | 0.08 |
Postoperative stay (days) (range) | 22 (14–308) | 25 (11–386) | 24 (9–176) | 0.17 | 0.43 |
Mortality | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 30 days (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |  |  |
 90 days (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.3 (1) |  |  |