Table 4 Clinical variables and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) observed serum metabolites with intensity differences associated with vascular invasion (VI) for hepatocellular carcinoma
Metabolites | Without VI | With VI | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
Investigation cohort (n= 35) | |||
 Tumor size (cm) | 3.47 ± 0.49 | 6.29 ± 1.22 | 0.047 |
 AFP (ng/ml) | 6541.91 ± 6486.76 | 30428.30 ± 30156.35 | 0.360 |
 ICG-15 (%) | 9.80 ± 1.10 | 9.11 ± 1.54 | 0.711 |
 Formate | 19.697 ± 3.23 | 37.592 ± 7.83 | 0.023 |
Validation cohort (n= 22) | |||
 Tumor size (cm) | 3.80 ± 0.98 | 4.33 ± 0.95 | 0.710 |
 AFP (ng/ml) | 145.82 ± 87.38 | 39289.31 ± 39109.13 | 0.343 |
 ICG-15 (%) | 13.18 ± 2.42 | 9.35 ± 2.10 | 0.256 |
 Formateb | 14.807 ± 1.48 | 18.776 ± 0.99 | 0.042 |