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Table 2 Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics between investigation cohort (n = 35) and validation cohort (n = 22)

From: Serum metabolites may be useful markers to assess vascular invasion and identify normal alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver resection: a pilot study

 

Categorical variables (n (%))

 

Continuous variables (mean ± SE)

Investigation

Validation

P value

Investigation

Validation

P value

Male gender

27 (77.1)

19 (86.4)

0.502

Age (year)

62.7 ± 1.9

60.2 ± 2.4

0.429

HBV infection

23 (65.7)

11 (50.0)

0.277

BMI (Kg/m2)

23.9 ± 0.5

25.6 ± 0.7

0.063

HCV infection

8 (22.9)

9 (40.9)

0.234

ICG-15 (%)

9.53 ± 0.88

11.44 ± 1.64

0.316

AFP > 15 ng/mL

21 (60.0)

10 (45.5)

0.413

AFP (ng/mL)

16096 ± 12568

17938 ± 17777

0.931

Major procedure

9 (25.7)

6 (27.3)

1.000

CEA (ng/mL)

6.07 ± 4.07

1.57 ± 0.20

0.361

Encapsulation

28 (80.0)

22 (100.0)

0.036

CA 19-9 (U/mL)

26.6 ± 3.7

22.1 ± 3.9

0.421

Vascular invasion

14 (40.0)

10 (45.5)

0.785

Size (cm)

4.59 ± 0.61

4.05 ± 0.68

0.557

Daughter nodules

4 (11.4)

2 (9.1)

1.000

    

Tumor rupture

3 (8.6)

1 (4.5)

1.000

    

Cirrhosis

14 (40.0)

13 (59.1)

0.184

    

Edmondson and Steiner Grade (I/II/III/IV)

4(11.8)/10(28.6)/18(52.9)/3(8.8)

3(13.6)/13(59.1)/5(22.7)/1(4.5)

0.073

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